相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 2, 2025

08:50
Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors
Published on: February 25, 2020
7.0K
瘤拷贝数变化负担作为不同癌症类型免疫检查点阻塞抵抗力的预测指标
Karama Asleh1,2,3, Rodney J Ouellette2,3,4,5
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Halifax, NS B3H 1V8, Canada.
Cancers
|February 24, 2024
概括
副本数量改变负担预测在接受免疫检查点封锁的晚期癌症患者的生存率不佳. 将副本数改变负担与瘤突变负担相结合,可以改善免疫疗法响应的患者分层.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
背景情况:
- 免疫检查点阻塞 (ICB) 反应在晚期癌症患者之间有所不同.
- 预测生物标志物对于优化ICB疗效至关重要.
- 副本数量改变 (CNA) 负担是ICB耐药性的潜在生物标志物.
研究的目的:
- 评估ICB治疗患者中CNA负担和整体存活率之间的关联.
- 调查是否将CNA负担与瘤突变负担 (TMB) 结合起来可以改善患者分层.
- 探索不同患者子集的基因组和免疫格局.
主要方法:
- 对1661名接受ICB治疗的患者进行了回顾性分析,使用MSK-IMPACT分析.
- 多变量分析,以评估CNA负担对整体存活时间的影响.
- 使用结合的TMB和CNA负担生物标志物的患者分层.
主要成果:
- 增加的CNA负担与ICB治疗患者的整体存活率差显著相关 (HR = 1.52,p = 0.04).
- TMB和CNA负担的结合确定了四个不同的患者子集,其生存结果显著不同 (p < 0.0001).
- "低TMB/高CNA"子组表现出最差的生存率.
- 在四个子集中观察到明显的CNA配置文件和丰富的途径,与免疫信号和CD8+T细胞丰富度相关.
结论:
- 在接受ICB的患者中,CNA负担是整体生存率差的重要预测因素.
- 将CNA负担与TMB整合起来,可以提高免疫治疗的患者分层.
- 这些发现可以为患者选择ICB或替代治疗策略提供信息.
相关概念视频
Tumor Immunotherapy
524
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
524
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes
7.4K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
7.4K
Tumor Progression
6.3K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
6.3K
Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.3K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.3K
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes
8.9K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
8.9K
Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions
4.8K
Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
4.8K

