怀孕期间严格遵守地中海饮食可以减少儿童超重/肥胖:一项前性研究
Andrés Díaz-López1,2, Laura Rodríguez Espelt1, Susana Abajo3,4
1Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43204 Reus, Spain.
Nutrients
|February 24, 2024
概括
怀孕期间母亲遵守地中海饮食 (MedDiet) 与儿童超重和肥胖的风险降低有关. 这种饮食模式可以保护儿童早期的肥胖.
科学领域:
- 孕产妇和儿童的健康
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
背景情况:
- 儿童肥胖是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题,具有长期健康影响.
- 怀孕期间母亲的饮食习惯被认为是影响后代长期健康结果的关键因素.
- 地中海饮食 (MedDiet) 与许多健康益处有关,但其在怀孕期间对后代体重状况的作用需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查孕妇在怀孕期间遵守地中海饮食 (MedDiet) 与4岁儿童超重/肥胖风险之间的潜在关联.
- 确定怀孕期间遵守MedDiet是否可以减轻后代患超重或肥胖的风险.
- 分析MedDiet坚持和儿童肥胖的定量测量之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 来自ECLIPSES研究的272对母婴对的前性分析.
- 孕妇在怀孕期间的饮食摄入量使用经过验证的45项食物频率问卷进行评估.
- 计算了整个怀孕的相对MedDiet分数 (rMedDiet),并在4岁时测量了儿童的体重和身高,以确定超重/肥胖状态 (BMI z-score > 85百分位).
主要成果:
- 总共有25.7%的儿童在4岁时被归类为超重/肥胖.
- 在怀孕期间,母亲对MedDiet的更强的坚持与儿童超重/肥胖的风险较低显著相关 (OR = 0.34,95%CI:0.12-0.90;p-trend 0.037) 对于最高与最低四分位数.
- 这种关联在各种层面上保持一致,包括孕产妇年龄,怀孕前的BMI,教育,社会经济地位,吸烟和妊娠期间体重增加.
结论:
- 在怀孕期间,母亲更坚持地中海饮食,与4岁后代超重和肥胖的风险降低有关.
- 医疗饮食可能对儿童肥胖的发展起到保护作用,这表明对母亲营养指导的潜在益处.
- 需要进一步的研究来证实这些发现,并探索这种关联在整个生命过程中的长期持续性.
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