艾滋病毒阳性患者对T细胞对orthopoxvirus的反应
Sammet Stefanie1, Michael Koldehoff2,3,4, Pia Schenk-Westkamp1
1Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
Vaccines
|February 24, 2024
概括
艾滋病毒阳性患者对mopox (麻疹) 疫苗接种和感染表现出T细胞反应. 虽然疫苗接种引起了可检测的反应,但mopox感染导致了更强大的T细胞活动,特别是干扰素-玛分泌.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 2022年全球mopox疫情突出了了解脆弱人群免疫反应的必要性.
- 使用相关的脊髓灰质炎病毒进行的天花疫苗接种用于风险群体的mopox预防.
- 人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 状态可能会影响疫苗的疗效和感染结果.
研究的目的:
- 在接种小天花疫苗和mopox感染后,分析HIV阳性个体对orthopoxvirus的T细胞反应.
- 为了比较接种疫苗和感染个体之间的T细胞反应的大小和特征.
主要方法:
- 建立一个ELISpot测试来检测干扰素- (IFN-γ) 和互白素-2 (IL-2) 分泌.
- 对33名艾滋病毒阳性患者在天花疫苗接种 (两剂) 后的T细胞反应的分析.
- 对10名艾滋病毒阳性患者的T细胞反应的分析mpox感染后.
主要成果:
- 特定的IFN-γ和IL-2分泌物分别在64%和55%的接种疫苗的患者中检测到.
- 所有感染患者都显示出特定的IFN-γ分泌,70%显示出IL-2分泌.
- 与感染患者相比,接种疫苗的患者的IFN-γ和IL-2反应明显较低 (p < 0.001).
- 在感染患者中,IL-2 ELISpot结果与CD8+ T细胞正相关 (p < 0.05).
结论:
- 在接种天花疫苗后,大多数艾滋病毒阳性个体可以检测到T细胞反应.
- 在这个队列中,Mpox感染诱导的T细胞反应比接种疫苗更丰富,更有活力.
- 研究结果表明,在艾滋病毒阳性个体中,疫苗接种后和感染后的T细胞激活模式不同.
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