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在支持物联网的多层多出口建筑中,智能疏散信号控制机制
1Department of Information Management, Shih Hsin University, Taipei 116, Taiwan.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 24, 2024
概括
这项研究引入了一个智能疏散标志系统,该系统使用传感器动态引导人们进入安全. 与传统标志相比,新系统在火灾紧急情况下显著提高了疏散成功率.
科学领域:
- 消防安全工程 消防安全工程
- 建筑疏散系统 建筑疏散系统
- 智能控制系统 智能控制系统
背景情况:
- 传统的疏散标志提供静态指导,这在动态火灾场景中是无效的,因为出口可能会受到损害.
- 现有的系统缺乏适应烟雾和热量等实时环境变化的能力,可能导致疏散人员面临危险.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证智能疏散信号控制机制,根据实时火灾条件动态调整指导.
- 通过确保疏散路线在紧急情况下保持可行性和不受拥堵,提高乘客的安全.
主要方法:
- 一个新的ESP (疏散安全路径) 启发式被数学上制定来识别温度安全,烟雾安全和拥堵意识的疏散路径.
- 使用FDS软件6.7.1在现实环境 (台北101购物中心) 中进行火灾模拟,以测试系统.
- 该ESP算法利用模拟的温度和烟雾传感器数据来动态控制疏散信号方向.
主要成果:
- 在指导疏散人员方面,ESP算法在现有的FEL算法上表现出优越的性能.
- 与FEL算法相比,疏散成功的概率在甲火灾中增加了多达34%,在PVC火灾场景中增加了14%.
- 在密集拥挤的疏散情况下,ESP算法的好处尤其显著.
结论:
- 拟议的智能疏散标志系统通过适应动态火灾条件,在静态标志上提供了显著的进步.
- 这种动态引导系统提高了疏散效率和安全性,特别是在复杂和拥挤的环境中.
- 在紧急疏散中,ESP启发式提供了一种可靠的实时路径查找方法.
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