在不同严重程度和可传染性情景下,公众对控制传染病的措施的公认性
David Epstein1, Daniel Pérez-Troncoso2, Manuel Ruiz-Adame3
1Department of Applied Economics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
概括
当疾病严重或易传播时,像戴口罩和锁定等公共卫生措施更可接受. 大多数人会在公共卫生紧急情况下接受这些非药物干预 (NPI).
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 控制流行病威胁,包括新的COVID-19变种,需要了解公众对非药物干预措施 (NPIs) 的接受.
- 对NPI的可接受性可能会受到疾病严重程度和传染性的看法的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查传染病的感知严重程度和传染性如何影响公众对各种NPI的接受.
- 为未来的流行病控制提供公共卫生策略的信息.
主要方法:
- 通过电话调查对西班牙成年人口的代表性样本进行了调查.
- 受访者被暴露在四种假设疾病情景 (不同严重程度/传染性) 中之一.
- 通过多变量回归和潜在类集群分析分析了11个NPI的可接受性.
主要成果:
- 疾病严重程度的增加显著提高了口罩佩戴,户外社交距离,锁定和隔离措施的可接受性.
- 较高的传染性场景增加了对限制移动和促进隔离的NPI的接受.
- 大多数受访者在严重程度或传染性较高时普遍接受大多数NPI.
结论:
- 在严重或高度传染性疾病的情况下,公众愿意采用NPI,如戴口罩,社交距离和锁定,在严重或高度传染性疾病的情况下更高.
- 专注于隔离的NPI更容易被接受,当一个疾病被认为是高度传染性的.
- 虽然大多数人在健康紧急情况下接受NPI,但很少一部分人 (3-9%) 始终反对他们.
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