追踪沙垃圾来源:饮料盖与瓶子的故事不同
Peter G Ryan1, Lorien Pichegru2, Maëlle Connan2
1FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.
Marine pollution bulletin
|February 25, 2024
概括
在南非海上发现的大多数塑料瓶和盖子都来自亚洲. 瓶子很可能是从船上倾倒的,而盖子是通过海流传播的,突出了不同的污染途径.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 海洋污染 海洋污染
- 聚合物科学 聚合物科学
背景情况:
- 塑料污染,特别是来自聚乙烯二甲 (PET) 瓶和盖的塑料污染,对海洋生态系统构成重大威胁.
- 除非含有被困空气,否则PET瓶子会沉没,而它们的聚合物盖子会浮动,从而使其能够远距离分散.
- 了解海洋垃圾的起源对于制定有效的缓解策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较从南非海收集的松散PET瓶及其盖子的起源.
- 调查瓶子和盖子的起源与它们与城市中心的距离之间的相关性.
- 确定污染南非海岸线的PET瓶和盖子的主要来源和运输机制.
主要方法:
- 从21个不同的南非海收集松散的PET瓶和盖子.
- 分析瓶子和盖子的来源,包括制造地点和潜在的倾倒/垃圾来源.
- 相关性分析以比较瓶子和盖子的起源及其与城市地区相对的分布模式.
主要成果:
- 在国外制造的瓶子和盖子的起源之间观察到显著的相关性.
- 外国制造品的比例随着距离城市中心的距离而增加,这表明在来源附近的陆地垃圾.
- 超过80%的外国瓶子和90%的盖子来自亚洲;瓶子主要来自中国,马来西亚-新加坡和阿联,可能被倾倒在海上. 盖子通常处于较差的状态,主要来自印度尼西亚,由南方赤道流运输.
结论:
- 减少海洋PET瓶污染需要更严格地执行海上倾倒法规.
- 减轻盖子污染需要在来源国家,特别是印度尼西亚改善垃圾控制,以应对通过海洋流的跨境污染.
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