探索水文控制溶解有机碳出口动态在典型的突发洪水采集区使用基于过程的模型的流程控制.
1State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Centre for Water Resources Security, Wuhan 430072, China.
The Science of the total environment
|February 25, 2024
概括
从头水流域出口溶解有机碳 (DOC) 是一个复杂的过程. 这项研究使用了基于过程的模型来展示风暴强度如何转移DOC来源,突出了水文学在调节碳出口方面的作用.
科学领域:
- 水文学的水文学
- 生物地质化学生物地质化学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 从头水流域出口溶解有机碳 (DOC) 对全球碳循环至关重要.
- 之前的研究经常使用统计模型,掩盖了流水和DOC动态的过程级理解.
- 重要的是要了解下游排放和DOC出口之间的联系.
研究的目的:
- 使用基于过程的模型模拟高频放电和DOC出口动态.
- 调查风暴强度对DOC出口路径和来源的影响.
- 阐明水文路径在调节DOC风暴出口中的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用INCA-C基于过程的模型进行每小时一次的排放和DOC出口模拟.
- 分析了1.8公里的快速洪水实验头水流域的数据.
- 使用纳什-萨特克利夫效率 (NSE) 对排放和DOC度进行评估的模型性能.
主要成果:
- INCA-C模型成功地捕获了每小时的排放和DOC度动态.
- 根据风暴强度,DOC流表现出不同的动态和来自四个流道的不同贡献.
- 在较高的风暴强度下,来自有机土壤的地下流动主导了DOC出口,峰值较大,峰值到峰值的时间较短.
- 在中度事件中,DOC来源从矿物层地下排水转移到极端事件中从有机层地下排水转移.
结论:
- 水路控制和DOC动态模式随风暴强度的变化而变化.
- 不同的流通途径对DOC出口施加不同的和可变的控制.
- 基于过程的建模对于了解水文学如何调节DOC风暴出口至关重要.
相关概念视频
Conservation of Mass in Moving, Nondeforming Control Volume
1.1K
Stormwater detention basins are essential in managing runoff during heavy rainfall, particularly in urban areas where impervious surfaces increase the risk of flooding. Understanding the conservation of mass in these systems allows engineers to optimize basin performance, balancing inflow, outflow, and water storage.
In the context of a detention basin, the conservation of mass states that the total mass of water entering the basin must equal the mass leaving the basin plus any accumulation of...
In the context of a detention basin, the conservation of mass states that the total mass of water entering the basin must equal the mass leaving the basin plus any accumulation of...
1.1K
Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment
47
Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
47
Typical Model Studies
359
Fluid mechanics model studies often utilize scaled-down systems to predict fluid behavior in full-scale environments, such as river flows, dam spillways, and structures interacting with open surfaces. Maintaining Froude number similarity in river models is crucial, as it replicates surface flow features like wave patterns and velocities.
359
Design Example: Creating a Hydraulic Model of a Dam Spillway
169
Scaled hydraulic models of dam spillways provide a practical way to replicate and study the intricate flow dynamics of these structures. Often built to a 1:15 ratio, these models allow for observing critical water behavior, such as velocity distribution, flow patterns, and energy dissipation.
169
Controlled-Current Coulometry: Overview
205
Controlled current coulometry, also known as amperostatic coulometry, is a technique used in electrochemical analysis to measure the quantity of a substance through the controlled passage of current. It involves the application of a constant current to an electrochemical cell containing the analyte of interest. As the current flows through the cell, the analyte undergoes a redox reaction at the electrode surface, resulting in a charge transfer. By monitoring the time required for a certain...
205
Rapidly Varying Flow
62
Rapidly varying flow (RVF) in open channels is characterized by abrupt changes in flow depth over a short distance, with the rate of depth change relative to distance often approaching unity. These flows are inherently complex due to their transient and multi-dimensional nature, making exact analysis difficult. However, approximate solutions using simplified models provide valuable insights into their behavior.Key Features of Rapidly Varying FlowRVF is commonly observed in scenarios involving...
62


