在ABCD研究中的9至10岁参与者的精神病诊断和治疗
Kelly A Duffy1, Raghu Gandhi1, Chloe Falke1
1University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA.
JAACAP open
|February 26, 2024
概括
儿童精神疾病,如焦虑和ADHD是常见的. 治疗模式与诊断一致,但根据社会人口统计学因素有很大差异,这表明儿科精神卫生保健的潜在差异.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 精神疾病经常在成年之前表现出来,需要早期识别和干预.
- 在不同的人群中,儿童心理健康状况的识别和治疗存在显著差异.
- 了解儿童患病率和治疗预测因素对于解决心理健康差异至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计美国9-10岁儿童中精神疾病和相关治疗的患病率.
- 评估儿童心理健康治疗利用的社会人口统计和临床预测因素.
- 识别儿科精神卫生保健获得和提供的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 从青少年大脑认知发育 (ABCD) 研究的横截面数据的分析.
- 使用情绪障碍和精神分裂症的计算机化儿童日程表 (KSADS-COMP) 进行诊断和儿童行为检查表 (CBCL) 进行精神病理学.
- 后勤回归模型评估了社会人口统计因素 (性别,种族,种族,收入,城市化) 和接受治疗之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 焦虑障碍,注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 和反对性挑性障碍是最常见的诊断.
- 预计ADHD和抑郁症诊断分别使用兴奋剂和抗抑郁药.
- 根据性别,种族,种族,收入和城市化情况,治疗利用率有很大差异.
结论:
- 这项研究证实了9-10岁儿童的精神症状预期率和一般一致的治疗模式.
- 在社会人口统计学群体之间观察到的治疗利用率变化突出了潜在的社会和文化影响.
- 调查结果强调了考虑美国儿童医疗保健中的心理健康差异的重要性.
更多相关视频
10:02Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
Published on: March 12, 2020
15.7K
13:08Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia
Published on: December 2, 2015
8.9K
相关概念视频
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
68
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
68
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
25
A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Diagnostic Criteria and...
25
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
55
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
55
Conduct Disorder
35
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
35
Autism Spectrum Disorder
92
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
92
