分析印度河流盆地 (1901-2021) 的时空干旱特征和基于的回归期
Debarati Bera1, Dipanwita Dutta2
1Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India.
Environmental science and pollution research international
|February 26, 2024
概括
印度河流平原的干旱变得越来越频繁和严重,特别是在1965年之后. 这项研究使用标准化降水指数 (SPI) 分析了干旱模式,发现干旱持续时间和严重程度的趋势越来越大,影响农业.
科学领域:
- 气候学和农业气象学
- 水文科学 水文科学
- 统计建模 统计建模
背景情况:
- 季风降雨的变化对印度印度河平原的作物生产构成重大风险.
- 了解干旱模式对于农业规划和水资源管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查印度河流域干旱特征 (频率,持续时间,严重程度,强度) 的时空模式.
- 分析干旱趋势及其对该地区农业的影响.
- 应用两种多种方法来建模干旱的严重程度和持续时间.
主要方法:
- 分析印度气象局 (IMD) 从1901年到2021年的降水数据.
- 标准化降水指数 (SPI) 在不同时间尺度上的应用.
- 利用运行理论来分析干旱特征.
- 采用双变性合法 (圆和阿基米德家族) 来建模干旱的严重程度和持续时间.
主要成果:
- 在上游和中游江河平原,季节性干旱更频繁,更强烈.
- 在1965年之后,特别是在上,中和河平原地区观察到显著的下降干旱趋势.
- 持续时间较长,严重程度较高的干旱会出现更长的回归期,在1960年以后,特别是2000年以后,100年或更长的回归期干旱显著增加.
结论:
- 该研究提供了关键的农业气候区域特定的信息,关于印度甘流域干旱的发生和特征.
- 这些发现提高了对干旱动态的理解,有助于制定有效的干旱管理和适应性战略.
- 该研究强调了关键农业地区严重干旱的威胁日益增加,需要采取积极的缓解措施.
相关概念视频
02:41Responses to Drought and Flooding
10.7K
Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.
10.7K
01:17Precipitation and Co-precipitation
1.8K
Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
1.8K
01:03Precipitation Gravimetry
6.5K
Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
6.5K
01:12Precipitation Processes
447
The experimental conditions in a gravimetric analysis should be optimized to maximize the particle size and purity of the obtained precipitate. Ideally, the concentration of the precipitating reagent should be low with effective stirring to maintain low relative supersaturation for the growth of large crystals. In homogeneous precipitation, the precipitant is slowly generated by a chemical reaction in the solution to avoid local reagent excesses. For example, urea decomposes gradually to...
447
01:50Global Climate Change
24.4K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.4K
01:21Precipitation Titration Curve: Analysis
1.1K
The precipitation titration curve demonstrates the change in concentration of one reactant with the volume of titrant added. During the titration of chloride ions with silver nitrate, the precipitation titration curve is divided into three regions: before, at, and after the equivalence point. Before the equivalence point, low redissolution of the sparingly soluble silver chloride precipitate gives a low silver ion concentration. However, in the second region, representing the equivalence point,...
1.1K