通过漂移扩散模型和吸引力动力学来澄清精神病中的认知控制缺陷
Chen Shen1, Olivia L Calvin2, Eric Rawls3
1Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Schizophrenia bulletin
|February 26, 2024
概括
精神病中的认知控制缺陷源于缓慢的证据积累和较长的准备,正如漂移扩散模型 (DDM) 所显示的那样. 这些发现为精神病精神病理学的基础的神经机制提供了新的见解.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学是一种认知神经科学.
- 心理病理学研究研究精神病理学研究.
- 计算精神病学是一种计算精神病学.
背景情况:
- 认知控制缺陷是精神病精神病理学的标志.
- 以前的研究往往忽视了试验对试验的变化,可能错过了导致这些缺陷的关键因素.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用漂移扩散模型 (DDM) 调查精神病患者认知控制缺陷的特定贡献者.
- 为了比较DDM参数与传统措施在区分精神病患者,他们的亲属和对照之间的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在个体试验响应和反应时间数据上采用分层漂移扩散模型 (DDM),这些数据来自点模式预期 (DPX) 任务.
- 包括122名精神病患者 (PwP),78名一级生物亲属和50名对照.
- 利用分类模型将DDM参数与认知控制的传统措施进行比较.
主要成果:
- 患有精神病 (PwP) 的人在主动控制期间表现出较慢的漂移率,这表明暗示信息处理效率较低.
- 普华永道和亲属都显示,不频繁的序列的非决策时间增加,这表明感知处理速度减慢.
- DDM参数,特别是主动控制中的漂移率和反应性控制中的非决策时间,比传统措施更好地区分了群体,并与现实世界的运作相关.
结论:
- 缓慢的证据积累和长时间的准备期是精神病精神病理学中认知控制缺陷的主要驱动因素.
- 这些发现表明,在维持神经状态表示方面存在困难,可能是由于神经刺激或连接问题.
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