利用人工智能来检测医学研究中的伦理问题:一个案例研究
Kannan Sridharan1, Gowri Sivaramakrishnan2
1Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain skannandr@gmail.com.
Journal of medical ethics
|February 26, 2024
概括
人工智能 (AI),特别是大型语言模型 (LLM),可以帮助机构审查委员会 (IRB) 改进研究提案审查. 虽然LLM在识别伦理问题方面表现有前途,但为了在临床研究伦理审查中获得最佳表现,需要进一步细化.
科学领域:
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 临床研究管理局
背景情况:
- 机构审查委员会 (IRB) 面临的挑战是,由于人员限制,研究提案的审批延迟.
- 人工智能 (AI),特别是大型语言模型 (LLM),为提高IRB效率提供了一个潜在的解决方案.
- 法律学可以帮助IRB成员简化研究提案的审查过程.
研究的目的:
- 评估四个大型语言模型 (LLM) 在临床研究场景中识别伦理问题的能力.
- 评估LLM在生成知情同意文件 (ICD) 的表现.
- 确定LLM作为IRB审查过程中的辅助工具的潜力.
主要方法:
- 四个LLM被测试使用七个验证的案例研究.
- 查询的重点是参与者的资格,脆弱性,知情同意,风险效益评估和安慰剂使用.
- 此外,LLM还被要求为案例情景生成知情同意文件.
主要成果:
- 所有四个LLM都成功地响应了所有七个案例中的查询,结果通常一致.
- 在单个提示中,LLM表现不佳,其中包括适合安慰剂,降低风险和潜在的参与者风险.
- 多个提示提高了LLM在识别风险和优化安慰剂使用方面的表现.
- 人工智能生成的ICD包括所有基本元素,但有时包含术语,低估了好处或遗漏了潜在风险.
结论:
- 在临床研究中,LLM在提高对临床研究道德问题的识别方面具有潜力.
- 法律法规可以作为一个有价值的辅助工具,用于预先选研究建议.
- 整合LLM可以显著提高机构审查委员会的整体效率.
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