统一的透统治爱因斯坦对散装和低维分子材料系统的关系:一个跳跃到频段转移范式
1Department of Physics, Centre for Research and Development (CFRD), KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore-641407, India.
The journal of physical chemistry letters
|February 27, 2024
概括
本研究介绍了材料中电子运输的规则框架,统一了跨维的扩散-移动性关系. 它提供了一种计算移动性的新方法,影响量子材料和二极管方程.
科学领域:
- 凝聚物质物理学 凝聚物质物理学
- 量子力学就是量子力学.
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 扩散-移动关系 (μ/D比) 对于理解固体中的电荷传输至关重要.
- 现有的模型往往难以在不同维度 (1D,2D,3D) 中统一运输现象.
- 非平衡热力学和产生在负荷运输中起着重要作用.
研究的目的:
- 为自由电子系统中的爱因斯坦扩散-移动性关系提出一个统一的,受控制的范式.
- 概括一个适用于1D,2D和3D系统的依赖的扩散关系.
- 通过使用规则,重新审视和重新制定波尔茨曼方法来计算量子材料中的移动性.
主要方法:
- 为非相互作用的量子系统开发一种统一的以为主导的传输方法.
- 使用连续时间延迟跳跃因子的局部化传输的近似值.
- 对依赖的扩散关系的概括:h_e = f ((D,d).
- 通过以为主导的移动性方法重新审视博尔兹曼的方法.
主要成果:
- 为1D,2D和3D系统建立了一个统一的规则的扩散-移动关系 (μ/D比).
- 推导出一个通用的依赖的扩散关系,适用于平衡和非平衡运输.
- 参数 (h_e) 与基于非平衡波动定理的生产相连.
- 量子材料中的移动性的新表达式是使用规定的μ/D关系来得出的.
- 纳瓦马尼-肖克利二极管方程是基于新的规定的μ/D关系转换的.
结论:
- 拟议的统治范式提供了一个统一的理解,在各种维度的电荷运输.
- 广义的扩散关系和重构的移动性计算为分析量子材料提供了新的工具.
- 这一框架对理解和设计电子设备,包括二极管,有影响.
相关概念视频
02:38Third Law of Thermodynamics
18.9K
A pure, perfectly crystalline solid possessing no kinetic energy (that is, at a temperature of absolute zero, 0 K) may be described by a single microstate, as its purity, perfect crystallinity,and complete lack of motion means there is but one possible location for each identical atom or molecule comprising the crystal (W = 1). According to the Boltzmann equation, the entropy of this system is zero.
18.9K
02:39Entropy
30.2K
Salt particles that have dissolved in water never spontaneously come back together in solution to reform solid particles. Moreover, a gas that has expanded in a vacuum remains dispersed and never spontaneously reassembles. The unidirectional nature of these phenomena is the result of a thermodynamic state function called entropy (S). Entropy is the measure of the extent to which the energy is dispersed throughout a system, or in other words, it is proportional to the degree of disorder of a...
30.2K
01:20Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
2.8K
The second law of thermodynamics can be stated quantitatively using the concept of entropy. Entropy is the measure of disorder of the system.
The relation between entropy and disorder can be illustrated with the example of the phase change of ice to water. In ice, the molecules are located at specific sites giving a solid state, whereas, in a liquid form, these molecules are much freer to move. The molecular arrangement has therefore become more randomized. Although the change in average...
The relation between entropy and disorder can be illustrated with the example of the phase change of ice to water. In ice, the molecules are located at specific sites giving a solid state, whereas, in a liquid form, these molecules are much freer to move. The molecular arrangement has therefore become more randomized. Although the change in average...
2.8K
02:49Second Law of Thermodynamics
23.8K
In the quest to identify a property that may reliably predict the spontaneity of a process, a promising candidate has been identified: entropy. Processes that involve an increase in entropy of the system (ΔS > 0) are very often spontaneous; however, examples to the contrary are plentiful. By expanding consideration of entropy changes to include the surroundings, a significant conclusion regarding the relation between this property and spontaneity may be reached. In thermodynamic...
23.8K
01:14The Second Law of Thermodynamics
5.3K
In the quest to identify a property that may reliably predict the spontaneity of a process, a promising candidate has been identified: entropy. Scientists refer to the measure of randomness or disorder within a system as entropy. High entropy means high disorder and low energy. To better understand entropy, think of a student’s bedroom. If no energy or work were put into it, the room would quickly become messy. It would exist in a very disordered state, one of high entropy. Energy must be...
5.3K
04:08The Uncertainty Principle
23.4K
Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He...
23.4K