识别患有低于最佳结核治疗坚持风险的青少年:一项前性队列研究
Silvia S Chiang1,2, Joshua Ray Tanzer1, Jeffrey R Starke3,4
1Department of Pediatrics, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America.
PLOS global public health
|February 27, 2024
概括
患有结核病 (TB) 和较低社会支持的青少年,特别是C集群中的青少年,面临着明显更高的治疗不理想坚持的风险. 针对性干预对于改善这一脆弱群体的结核病治疗结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 青少年占全球结核病 (TB) 病例的重大负担.
- 在青少年群体中,低于最佳的结核病治疗坚持是最大的挑战.
- 现有的研究往往缺乏关于青少年结核病治疗坚持性的详细心理社会数据.
研究的目的:
- 在秘鲁利马的青少年 (10-19岁) 中,确定对利法素敏感结核病治疗的低最佳坚持的风险因素.
- 探索心理社会特征与青少年结核病治疗坚持之间的关联.
- 为了比较不同心理社会集群的坚持率.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究,涉及249名结核病青少年.
- 通过自我管理的调查收集心理社会数据,通过医疗记录抽象收集临床数据.
- K-means集群分析通过心理社会特征对参与者进行分组,然后进行混合效应回归来评估坚持.
主要成果:
- 确定了三个心理社会集群 (A,B,C). 集群C表现出最低的社会支持,最低的动机和最高的童年逆境.
- 与A组相比,C组的青少年有六倍增加的次优坚持率 (<90%),特别是以设施为基础的治疗和单一药物配方.
- 随着时间的推移,B和C集群的坚持情况恶化,C集群在六个月内下降到90%以下.
结论:
- 心理社会因素,特别是较低的社会支持和逆境,是青少年低于最佳结核病治疗坚持的关键预测因素.
- 临床医生应为已识别的风险因素的青少年实施增强的坚持支持策略.
- 较短的结核病治疗方案可能会改善这一群体的结核病坚持.
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