临床遗传学家和计算机视觉注意力在评估遗传条件时的比较
Dat Duong1, Anna Rose Johny2, Suzanna Ledgister Hanchard1
1Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.
PLoS genetics
|February 27, 2024
概括
人类和人工智能 (AI) 的视觉注意力在面部诊断中不同. 这项研究比较了遗传学家和深度学习 (DL) 模型如何分析图像,揭示了人工智能工具开发至关重要的独特模式.
科学领域:
- 医学遗传学 医学遗传学
- 计算机视觉 计算机视觉
- 人与计算机的交互
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI),特别是深度学习 (DL),在遗传学诊所中越来越多地用于遗传疾病的面部诊断.
- 虽然DL平台显示高准确度,但AI图像评估和分类的机制,以及它们与人类感知相比如何,仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在面部图像分析遗传条件期间,比较人类专家 (遗传学家),非专家和基于DL的AI模型之间的视觉注意力模式.
- 用眼睛跟踪和计算指标量化视觉焦点的差异.
主要方法:
- 对遗传学家临床医生 (n=22) 和非临床医生 (n=22) 进行了眼睛追踪分析,他们查看了具有和没有遗传疾病的个体的图像.
- 交叉对联盟 (IoU) 和库尔巴克-莱布勒 (KL) 差异被用来比较群体之间的视觉注意力地图和DL模型突出地图.
主要成果:
- 人类的视觉注意力与DL模型显著不同 (例如,临床医生与DL:IoU=0.15,KL=11.15).
- 在临床医生和非临床医生之间观察到明显的视觉注意力模式 (IoU=0.47,KL=2.73).
- 个人图像检查模式在参与者之间有所不同.
结论:
- 人类,包括临床医生和非临床医生,处理面部图像的诊断不同于当前的深度学习模型.
- 了解这些差异对于增强人工智能工具设计,临床整合和人类-人工智能在遗传诊断方面的合作至关重要.
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