重温希波克拉底誓言在产科和妇科的演变
Anthony M Vintzileos1, Ioannis H Mylonas2
1Northwell, New Hyde Park, NY; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY; Zucker School of Medicine, Uniondale, NY.
American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
|February 27, 2024
概括
希波克拉底誓言并没有禁止堕胎. 语言分析显示,拉丁语翻译中添加了"胎儿"和"堕胎",改变了古希腊文本的原始含义.
科学领域:
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 医学史 医学史 的历史
- 经典研究是古典研究.
背景情况:
- 希波克拉底誓言是西方医学的基本道德准则.
- 与产科和妇科有关的特定条款被广泛解释为禁止堕胎的条款.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地评估希波克拉底誓言作为禁止堕胎的解释的历史和语言基础.
- 分析原来的希腊文本及其后来的翻译.
主要方法:
- 对希波克拉底誓言原始古希腊文本的语言分析.
- 拉丁语和英语翻译的历史分析.
- 将原始文本与翻译版本进行比较,以确定语义转移.
主要成果:
- 原始古希腊文中没有"胎儿"或"堕胎"的词.
- 这句话"οὐδὲ γυναικὶ πεσσὸν φθόριον δώσω"翻译为"我不会给任何一个女人一个伤害的钱柜.
- 在拉丁语翻译中引入了"foetum" (胎儿) 和"abortu" (堕胎) 术语,改变了原来的意图.
结论:
- 希波克拉底誓言,在它的原始形式,不禁止堕胎.
- 宣誓作为禁止堕胎的解释源于以后的翻译修改,受到文化和宗教因素的影响.
- 准确的翻译和历史背景对于理解"誓言"的道德指导至关重要.
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