Ursids 进化了饮食多样性,而没有对代谢率的重大改变
A M Carnahan1, A M Pagano2, A L Christian3
1School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-4236, USA. tcarnahan@easbio.com.
Scientific reports
|February 27, 2024
概括
Ursid 种类表现出不同的饮食,从肉食到草食. 尽管饮食有差异,但当它们的日常能量消耗 (DEE) 为旅行和能量摄入量正常化时,它们的日常能量消耗 (DEE) 相似,这表明代谢率保持不变.
科学领域:
- 动物学 动物学
- 比较生理学比较生理学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 熊类动物 (熊) 的饮食范围广泛,从北极熊 (Ursus maritimus) 的高脂肪肉食到大熊猫 (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) 的高纤维草食.
- 食能量密度在熊物种之间有很大差异,影响营养摄入量和潜在的代谢适应.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究饮食能量供应和熊猫能量代谢的演变之间的关系.
- 为了比较棕熊 (U. arctos) 的每日能量消耗 (DEE) 与北极熊和大熊猫的现有数据.
主要方法:
- 在动物园类型的围中测量了被囚禁的棕熊的每日能量消耗 (DEE).
- 将这些测量结果与先前公布的DEE数据进行了比较,这些数据是关于被囚禁和自由息的北极熊和大熊猫的.
主要成果:
- 尽管饮食和进化差异很大,但所有三种熊种 (棕熊,北极熊,大熊猫) 在旅行距离和能量摄入量正常化时都表现出类似的质量特定DEE.
- 大熊猫可以通过低成本的静止食来实现节能,使其能够专注于低能耗饮食,而不会显著改变代谢率.
结论:
- 饮食能量的可用性似乎不是熊猫家族中质量特异性能量代谢进化的主要驱动因素.
- 行为适应,如寻找食物的策略,在允许物种在多样化和热量上不同的饮食上壮成长中发挥着至关重要的作用,而不会对代谢率产生重大变化.
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