陶器实践中的文化吸引力:来自三个社区的陶匠对特定群体的形状进行了特定的转换
Tetsushi Nonaka1, Enora Gandon2, John A Endler3,4
1Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
PNAS nexus
|February 28, 2024
概括
陶器的形状揭示了社区的习惯. 即使在复制不熟悉的设计时,陶匠也产生了独特的容器变化,表明文化影响工艺.
科学领域:
- 考古学的考古学
- 人类学是人类学.
- 材料文化 学习 文化研究
背景情况:
- 陶文物是文化动态的关键指标.
- 文化特征通过选择性传播和偏向性转化传播.
- 了解特定的社区实践如何塑造物质文化至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查陶容器中是否出现社区特有的独特形态特征.
- 测试文化习惯影响文物创造的假设,即使使用不熟悉的模型.
- 分析形态发生在社区特定陶器风格的发展中的作用.
主要方法:
- 一个跨文化实地实验,涉及来自三个不同的社区的专业陶匠.
- 陶匠们被指示使用轮技术复制不熟悉的陶容器形状.
- 对最终的血管形状和底层的形态发生过程进行了形态分析.
主要成果:
- 陶匠制作的器皿在社区之间比在社区内有更大的形态变化.
- 这种社区特有的分歧在最终的血管形状和发育过程 (形态发生) 中都被观察到.
- 血管形态的变化不是随机的,并且在社区之间有可靠的差异.
结论:
- 在塑造粘土时,社区特有的习惯导致陶容器形态的集体对齐.
- 像陶器一样,物质文化反映了文化传播和转化动态的基础.
- 这项研究提供了关于手工艺实践如何将特定社区特征嵌入到文物中的经验证据.
相关概念视频
Theorems of Pappus and Guldinus: Problem Solving
740
Pappus and Guldinus's theorems are powerful mathematical principles that are used for finding the surface area and volume of composite shapes. For example, consider a cylindrical storage tank with a conical top. Finding the surface area or volume can be challenging for such complex shapes. These theorems are particularly useful in calculating the volume and surface area of such systems. Here, the cylindrical storage tank with a conical top can be broken down into two simple shapes: a...
740
Bricks
96
Bricks, a fundamental building material, are crafted from fired clay and exhibit a range of shapes, sizes, and colors. The production process starts with extracting local clay or shale, which is then crushed, ground, and screened for a fine texture. The refined material is blended with water, creating a pliable mixture that can be formed into bricks using one of three processes: soft mud, dry press, or stiff mud methods.
Soft mud bricks are shaped in molds with high moisture content and can be...
Soft mud bricks are shaped in molds with high moisture content and can be...
96
Shape and Texture of Coarse Aggregate
210
Aggregate shape is classified based on the relative sharpness or roundness of the edges and corners. This classification includes categories like rounded, angular, elongated, and flaky, each with specific characteristics. Rounded aggregates, fully shaped by attrition, are typical of river or seashore gravel, while angular aggregates, such as crushed rock, have well-defined edges. Aggregates that are elongated and flaky are less desirable, as they can reduce the workability and strength of...
210
Gestalt Principles of Perception
301
Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
301
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Strain
216
Three-dimensional strain analysis is crucial for understanding how materials deform under stress, particularly in elastic, homogeneous materials. This method employs principal stress axes to simplify complex stress states into more understandable forms. Subjected to stress, a small cubic element within a material either expands or contracts along these axes, transforming into a rectangular parallelepiped. This transformation effectively illustrates the material's deformation. The principal...
216


