病毒细胞适应的SARS-CoV-2菌株通过氨酸介导的高效尖峰裂变增加了病毒生长
Shohei Minami1, Tomohiro Kotaki1, Yusuke Sakai2
1Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
Microbiology spectrum
|February 28, 2024
概括
在SARS-CoV-2尖端蛋白的突变增强病毒生长和furin裂变,导致减弱的致病性. 这种适应菌株显示出开发针对SARS-CoV-2变种的有效,低成本的非活化疫苗的潜力.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 使用宿主蛋白酶,特别是,将其尖端 (S) 蛋白切割为细胞进入.
- S蛋白突变对蛋白酶分裂活性,病毒复制和病原性的影响尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了分析高增长的Vero细胞适应的SARS-CoV-2的序列适应.
- 为了确定增强病毒生长和S蛋白分裂的突变.
- 通过使用重组SARS-CoV-2确认适应菌株的特征.
主要方法:
- 在Vero细胞中,SARS-CoV-2菌株的连续传递.
- 细胞适应菌株的特征 in vitro 和 in vivo.
- 产生和分析具有特定突变的复合SARS-CoV-2菌株 (Δ68-76,H655Y,P812L,Q853L).
- 林抑制剂敏感性测试. 林抑制剂敏感性测试.
- 在子的致病性评估.
主要成果:
- 与野生型相比,适应的SARS-CoV-2菌株表现出高病毒生长率,高效的S1/S2分裂,以及降低的病原性.
- 突变 Δ68-76 和 H655Y 显著增强病毒生长和 S 蛋白质被林分裂.
- 具有适应突变的重组病毒对林抑制剂的敏感性增加,表明林利用率提高.
- 感染有效分裂的复合SARS-CoV-2菌株导致子的致病性减弱,这表明过度的S蛋白分裂降低了毒性.
结论:
- 特定突变 (Δ68-76,H655Y) 增强了SARS-CoV-2的生长和由素介导的S蛋白分裂.
- 减弱的致病性与有效分裂的S蛋白有关,为开发更安全的病毒菌株提供了潜在的战略.
- 高生长的适应SARS-CoV-2菌株可以作为低成本无活化疫苗的种子,提供对SARS-CoV-2变种的保护.
- 研究结果提供了有关SARS-CoV-2演变,传播和疫苗开发的见解.
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