40年来,NCAP前部表现和现场受伤超过40年
1ProBiomechanics LLC, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan.
Traffic injury prevention
|February 28, 2024
概括
自1980年以来,车辆安全性得到了改善,但近几十年来,碰撞测试性能稳定下来. 现实世界中的伤害风险保持不变,这表明当前的测试方法对提高乘客安全缺乏相关性.
科学领域:
- 汽车安全工程 汽车安全工程
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 交通安全研究 交通安全研究
背景情况:
- 在过去的五十年中,车辆安全在监管和测试倡议的推动下发生了显著的发展.
- 新汽车评估计划 (NCAP) 旨在通过标准化碰撞测试来提高车辆安全.
研究的目的:
- 分析五十年 (1980-2020) 的35英里/小时NCAP测试期间车辆和乘客反应的趋势.
- 通过使用真实世界的撞车数据,根据车型年份确定严重伤害的风险 (MAIS 3+F).
- 为了探索50个车型年来正面碰撞的安全趋势.
主要方法:
- 从NCAP测试 (1980-2020年) 中重新分析了三轴加速度数据,以获得一致的头部和胸部反应.
- 使用国家汽车采样系统 (NASS) 和碰撞伤害研究和工程 (CIREN) 数据 (1989-2020) 确定驾驶员和前排乘客的严重伤害风险 (MAIS 3+F).
- 分析的数据分为四个模型年级:1961-1989,1990-1999,2000-2009年和2010-2021年.
主要成果:
- 虽然到1990年,头部伤害标准 (HIC15) 和胸部加速的初步改善已经被观察到,但在过去20年里,显著的进步已经停滞不前.
- 现实世界伤害风险数据显示,在过去的50个车型年中没有显著变化,带带驾驶员MAIS 3+F风险为1.66% (1961-1989) 和1.39% (2010-2021).
- 在NCAP测试中,只有一小部分的真实世界碰撞暴露和严重伤害的原因.
结论:
- 目前的NCAP测试可能缺乏现实世界的相关性,因为制造商专注于"调整"星级,而没有大幅改善现场受伤风险.
- 专注于高严重性NCAP碰撞可能会忽视发生在低严重性现实事件中的大多数严重伤害.
- 建议包括重新评估NCAP协议,如人形选择和受伤标准,以更好地反映真实世界的碰撞场景,并推动有意义的安全进步.
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