在中国南部发现了最小的庞戈化石的证据
Hua Liang1, Terry Harrison2, Qingfeng Shao3
1Institute of Cultural Heritage, Shandong University, 72 Jimo-Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China.
Journal of human evolution
|February 28, 2024
概括
在中国中山洞发现的化石猩猩牙被认定为Pongo devosi. 这些发现揭示了在中纪晚期的中国南部的一种较小的猩猩物种,扩大了其已知的分布.
科学领域:
- 古生物学的古生物学
- 灵长类动物学 灵长类动物学
- 四年纪地质学四年纪地质学
背景情况:
- 了解中国南部猩猩的进化是有限的,因为没有精确的中世庞哥化石.
- 戈化石的发现对于重建猩猩的分类学及其在四级时期的时空分布至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述和测定中国广西省中山洞中新发现的一组化石庞哥牙的年代.
- 为了比较中山庞哥的牙样本与其他化石和现存的猩猩物种,以确定它们的分类学分配.
- 为了调查牙形态和分布的变化,在中国南部的庞戈在晚期的中世期间.
主要方法:
- 挖掘和分析来自中山洞的113个孤立的化石庞哥牙.
- 牙样本与化石庞戈物种 (P. weidenreichi,P. devosi,P. duboisi,P. palaeosumatrensis,P. javensis,P. sp.) 的使用. 以及现存的猩猩 (P. pygmaeus,P. abelii).
- 使用U系列和合电子自旋共振/U系列方法对化石组合进行绝对约会.
主要成果:
- 钟山庞哥集团的年代为184 ± 16ka (中纪).
- 这些牙比现存猩猩的牙小,是迄今为止在中国南部发现的最小的猩猩化石.
- 牙形态学,包括切肢特征和牙纹,暂时将中山化石归类为庞戈神.
结论:
- 这一发现证实了在中纪晚期,庞哥大帝被中国南部较小的庞哥神所取代.
- 在中山洞中发现的庞戈 (Pongo devosi) 的存在扩大了其已知的空间和时间分布.
- 庞哥牙形态的显著变化发生在中国南部的中纪晚期,正如中山标本所证明的那样.
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