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对荷兰奶牛数字性皮肤炎不同阶段的选择风险因素的评估
M Holzhauer1, S Kalsbeek2, K Frankena2
1GD Animal Health, Deventer, PO Box 9, Deventer 7400 AA, the Netherlands.
Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)
|February 28, 2024
概括
乳牛的数字皮肤炎 (DD) 是一种痛苦的传染病. 定期清除肥料和地板可以减少DD病变,而老牛和某些脚治疗会增加风险.
科学领域:
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
- 动物科学动物科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 数字性皮肤炎 (DD) 是一种影响乳牛的普遍和痛苦的传染病,其特征是皮肤性病变.
- 估计表明,在荷兰,DD的流行率很高,在牛的水平上为20%至25%.
- 了解与DD不同阶段相关的风险因素对于有效的群体管理和疾病控制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定和量化导致乳牛数字性皮肤炎不同阶段的风险因素.
- 为改善管理实践提供数据驱动的见解,以减轻DD的流行和严重程度.
- 分析环境和管理因素对DD发生和进展的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究,使用M评分系统 (M0-M4.1) 在88个农场中对6766头奶牛的后腿进行评分.
- 数据收集包括经过培训的实习生进行的关于牛环境和牛群管理实践的农场调查.
- 进行了统计分析,以确定和量化与各种DD阶段相关的风险因素,包括赔率比率 (OR).
主要成果:
- 数字性皮炎在38.6%的得分腿上存在,其中49.8%的奶牛至少有一次受到影响;M4是最常见的阶段 (20.9%).
- 与频繁的自动擦除相比,定期清除便与M2,M4和M4.1病变的几率明显降低.
- 年龄较大的奶牛 (3-5岁) 患M2和M4病变的几率更高. 在通道中的地板减少了M1和M2的几率. 与基于甲素的治疗相比,替代足浴治疗增加了M4的几率. 较小的群体患M4.1病变的几率较低.
结论:
- 群体管理实践,如定期清除肥料和使用地板,在减少数字皮肤炎的发生率和严重程度方面发挥着重要作用.
- 牛的年龄和特定的预防性足浴治疗被确定为风险因素,需要在DD管理策略中仔细考虑.
- 该研究强调了考虑环境,管理和治疗因素的多方面的方法的重要性,以有效控制乳牛群中的数字性皮肤炎.
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