在社区生活的老年人中,多维依赖的潜阶级:来自印度纵向衰老研究的证据
Strong P Marbaniang1, Holendro Singh Chungkham2
1St Anthony's College, Department of Statistics, Shillong, Meghalaya, India. strongmarbaniang@yahoo.com.
BMC geriatrics
|February 28, 2024
概括
这项研究在老年人中确定了三种不同的依赖性概况:活跃,中度独立和心理/身体受损. 了解这些模式对于定制的护理规划和为老年人提供服务至关重要.
科学领域:
- 老年学与公共卫生
- 衰老的社会学 衰老的社会学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 现有的研究经常使用日常生活活动 (ADL) 和工具性ADL (IADL) 单独测量依赖.
- 老年人的依赖是复杂的,是各种功能活动和健康状况的协同组合造成的.
- 这项研究考虑了对依赖的多维方法,包括ADL,IADL,视力障碍,身体限制,抑郁症状,认知障碍,婚姻状况和经济困境.
研究的目的:
- 识别和分类老年人多维依赖的模式.
- 通过检查多个功能领域来理解依赖的异质性质.
- 为评估护理需求和为老年人群规划有针对性的服务提供基础.
主要方法:
- 利用印度长度衰老研究 (LASI) 波-1的数据,其中包括32827名45岁及以上的个人.
- 采用隐性类分析 (LCA) 来识别不同的多维依赖概况.
- 根据模型匹配统计数据选择了最佳数量的潜在类,并探索了与独立变量的关联.
主要成果:
- 确定了三种不同的潜在依赖类别:"活跃的老年人"",中度独立"和"心理和身体受损".
- "活跃的老年人"显示在所有活动中对援助的需求最小.
- "中度独立"个体的特点是视力障碍但不太需要IADL支持,而"心理和身体障碍"类代表了那些依赖需求最高的人.
结论:
- 在老年人中,依赖状态可以有效地根据一套全面的功能和健康指标来分为三个不同的配置文件.
- 这些确定的阶级表现出独特的身体,心理,经济和社会人口特征.
- 对依赖模式的分类对于准确评估护理需求和为老年人开发有效,个性化的支持服务至关重要.
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