经过力量训练的成年人表现出比未经训练的对照人群更大的皮质皮质细胞激活
Yonas Akalu1,2, Jamie Tallent1,3, Ashlyn K Frazer1
1Monash Exercise Neuroplasticity Research Unit, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia.
The European journal of neuroscience
|February 29, 2024
概括
力量训练增强神经适应能力,特别是在皮质 - 脊髓,导致成人增加自愿激活和最大自愿力. 这项研究揭示了在慢性力量训练后,运动皮层通路和视网脊柱管的兴奋性更大.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 发动机控制器的控制器
背景情况:
- 从训练中获得的力量增加涉及神经适应,但它们的确切位置尚不清楚.
- 之前的研究集中在皮质脊柱通路上,忽视了皮质下影响,如皮质网状脊柱管.
研究的目的:
- 在力量训练的个体中研究皮层和皮层下神经适应.
- 为了比较力量训练和未经训练的成年人之间的皮质-视网-脊柱管刺激性.
主要方法:
- 与15名力量训练成年人 (≥2岁) 和11名未经训练的对照人进行了比较.
- 通过跨磁刺激 (TMS) 和宫髓刺激评估最大自愿力 (MVF),自愿激活 (VA) 和皮质脊柱/脊柱刺激能力.
- 使用StartReact和ipsilateral动力唤起潜能 (iMEPs) 来测量视网脊柱管 (RST) 的刺激性.
主要成果:
- 力量训练的个人表现出更高的正常化MVF和力量发展率.
- 在受过训练的组中,观察到皮层内促进和自愿激活 (VA) 的增加.
- 经过训练的小组显示出更大的视网脊髓增益和更高的ipsilateral-to-contralateral MEP比率,这表明皮层-视网脊髓刺激性得到了增强.
结论:
- 力量训练增加了主要运动皮层和视网脊柱管内的刺激能力.
- 从皮质网状脊柱管到α-摩托神经元的增强突触输入有助于改善自愿激活和最大的自愿力.
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