面部视障:面部视障及其与神经系统疾病的关联
Kennedy A Josephs1, Keith A Josephs1
1Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Brain communications
|February 29, 2024
概括
面部识别障碍 (prosopagnosia) 或是无法识别面部的障碍,可以是发育性或是获得性的. 这项研究发现它与各种神经系统疾病有关,特别是影响右叶和叶.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 神经学 神经学
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 面部识别丧失 (prosopagnosia) 是一种具有发育或获得起源的已知的疾病.
- 获得的prosopagnosia可以源于退行性或非退行性神经病因.
- 以前的文献主要包括案例报告和小系列.
研究的目的:
- 评估prosopagnosia的人口统计学,临床和成像特征.
- 在大量患者队列中识别相关的神经和神经病理障碍.
- 通过使用PET和MRI来调查脑部区域参与prosopagnosia.
主要方法:
- 将患者分为发育和获得的prosopagnosia组进行分类.
- 获得病例的细分为退行性和非退行性病因.
- 使用[18F]氧葡萄糖-PET和结构MRI评估区域大脑活动.
主要成果:
- 336名患者符合prosopagnosia的标准,10名患有发育性,326名患有获得性.
- 常见的退行性原因包括后皮层缩和阿尔茨海默病;常见的非退行性原因包括心脏病发作和.
- 在退行性病例 (PET) 中,叶受到影响最大,而在非退行性病例 (MRI) 中,右叶和叶显示焦点病变.
结论:
- 面部识别损失发生在各种获得的神经系统疾病中,无论是退行性还是非退行性.
- 在男性中,发育性前列腺病更为常见.
- 右叶和叶,包括状环,是涉及prosopagnosia的关键区域.
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