通过土地覆盖和植被指数追踪城市自然目标的进展:对96个C40城市的全球研究
Greta K Martin1, Katelyn O'Dell1, Patrick L Kinney2
1The George Washington University Milken Institute of Public Health Washington DC USA.
GeoHealth
|February 29, 2024
概括
大多数C40城市都实现了绿色空间目标,其中80%实现了质量总覆盖率,47%实现了公平的空间分配. 这项研究量化了城市性质.
科学领域:
- 城市生态学和环境科学.
- 遥感和地理空间分析.
- 公共卫生和城市规划.
背景情况:
- 城市自然空间,包括蓝色和绿色空间,与改善公共卫生有关.
- C40城市气候领导小组制定了2030年城市自然宣言 (UND) 的绿地覆盖面和人口公平获取的目标.
- 评估实现这些目标的进展对于城市环境和健康政策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估96个C40城市在实现2030年城市自然宣言 (UND) 目标方面取得的进展.
- 将基于面积和访问的自然空间指标转化为标准化差异植被指数 (NDVI) 以量化健康益处.
- 评估陆地覆盖数据与NDVI之间的关系,以对自然空间进行表征.
主要方法:
- 利用欧洲航天局 (ESA) 的WorldCover和Sentinel-2A数据进行陆地覆盖和NDVI计算.
- 使用离散的陆地覆盖类别和包括开放水域在内的总自然空间来定义绿色空间.
- 采用线性回归来预测与UND目标相对应的城市特定的NDVI水平.
主要成果:
- 在96个C40城市中,80%实现了"质量总覆盖率"目标 (30%的绿地).
- 47%的城市实现了"公平的空间分布"目标 (70%的人口靠近自然空间).
- 土地覆盖量化的绿地和自然空间是NDVI的强有力的预测因素.
结论:
- 大多数C40城市都在实现"质量总覆盖"的轨道上,但在"公平的空间分布"方面面临更大的挑战.
- 该研究成功将UND目标转化为可量化的NDVI指标,使得健康影响评估成为可能.
- 这种方法提供了一种可扩展的方法,用于监测全球城市自然目标及其对健康的影响.
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