围对草原和森林相关鸟群在农业生态系统内的当地和区域范围的影响
Devin R de Zwaan1,2, Kevin C Hannah3, Niloofar Alavi4
1Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada.
概括
线性木质特征 (LWF),如,促进农业地区的鸟类种群,特别是森林和灌木的物种. 保护工作应战略地将LWF放置在作物田中,以最大限度地提高对生物多样性的益处.
科学领域:
- 农业生态系统生态学
- 鸟类保护生物学 鸟类保护生物学
- 景观生态学 景观生态学
背景情况:
- 线性木质特征 (LWF) 对农业景观中的生物多样性至关重要.
- 现有的评估往往忽视了人口层面对野生动物的影响.
- 了解物种对LWF的特定反应对于有效的保护至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估LWF与密集农业生态系统中45种鸟类的丰富性之间的联系.
- 区分LWF对鸟类种群的局部和区域影响.
- 为加强农业工作景观中的生物多样性提供保护战略的信息.
主要方法:
- 在四年 (2016-2019) 期间,采用了远程和移除采样技术.
- 在不同密度的LWF中估计当地鸟类的丰富性.
- 模拟了带有和没有LWF的区域丰富性,以量化其贡献.
主要成果:
- 低水表现出与鸟类丰富的变化,但主要是积极的关联;44%的物种的密度更高,具有更多的低水.
- 区域模型预测69%的物种有积极的丰度益处,平均增加20%.
- 益处在密集作物领域最为显著,对喜欢完整森林或开放草原的物种而言,有负面影响.
结论:
- 低水域显著增强农业生态系统中的歌鸟密度,特别是在严重变化的景观中.
- 整合地方和景观层面的评估对于平衡的保护规划至关重要.
- 在可耕种地区战略性地放置LWF,以及保留息地,可以优化生物多样性的好处.
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