亲社会性言语行为:与务实和衰老的联系
Madeleine Long1, Sarah E MacPherson1, Paula Rubio-Fernandez2
1Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh.
Developmental psychology
|February 29, 2024
概括
成年人根据观众和新闻的严重程度,在传递坏消息时,不同地适应亲社会语言行为. 年轻的成年人对接收者表现出更灵活的适应性,而老年人总体上使用更亲社会的语言.
科学领域:
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 社会语言学 社会语言学
背景情况:
- 亲社交的言语行为对于导航社交互动至关重要,特别是在传达敏感信息时,如坏消息.
- 认知能力的寿命变化,如受众设计和一般知识使用,可能会影响个人如何调整他们的沟通.
- 了解与年龄相关的亲社会沟通差异对于整个生命周期的有效人际交互至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究不同年龄段的成年人如何灵活地适应他们使用亲社会语言的行为,在传递坏消息时.
- 检查受众设计 (受众参与) 和新闻严重性对整个生命周期的亲社会语言适应的影响.
- 探索亲社会语言行为中与年龄相关的差异,考虑诸如健康相关和非健康相关主题等因素.
主要方法:
- 实验1a和1b涉及苏格兰成年人 (分别为18-72岁和19-70岁),根据受众设计和新闻严重性评估亲社会言语行为.
- 实验2比较了年轻 (18-37岁) 和年长 (70-89岁) 的苏格兰成年人在与健康相关的和与健康无关的环境中的亲社会语言行为.
- 参与者使用亲社会语音行为被分析到与接收者参与,新闻严重性和话题类型的关系.
主要成果:
- 与老年人相比,年轻的成年人表现出更灵活地适应观众设计操纵.
- 在根据新闻严重性的基础上调整亲社会言语行为时,没有观察到显著的年龄差异.
- 老年人通常比年轻人使用更多的亲社会语言行为,但没有根据健康相关性或接受者参与而区分.
结论:
- 在传达坏消息时,亲社会语言行为是由与年龄相关的受众设计和沟通风格的差异所调节的.
- 研究结果表明,随着年龄的增长,受众设计灵活性下降,而一般知识的使用保持稳定.
- 这项研究强调了考虑实用因素和发展阶段在理解整个生命周期的亲社会沟通方面的重要性.
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