过度饮酒导致的死亡 - 美国,2016-2021年
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
|February 29, 2024
概括
过度饮酒导致的死亡人数在2016年至2021年期间在美国显著增加,在COVID-19大流行期间出现了显著的激增. 这一趋势凸显了迫切需要基于证据的酒精政策来减少与酒精有关的死亡率.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 药物滥用研究 药物滥用研究
背景情况:
- 在过去的20年里,美国因酒精导致的死亡人数有所上升.
- 以前的研究还没有完全捕捉到与酒精部分相关的死亡,例如受伤和癌症.
- 随着COVID-19的流行,从2019年到2020年,与酒精有关的死亡人数急剧增加.
研究的目的:
- 估计2016年至2021年期间美国过度饮酒导致的死亡人数和死亡率.
- 分析不同人口群体中与酒精有关的死亡趋势.
- 评估COVID-19大流行对与酒精有关的死亡率的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用了CDC的酒精相关疾病影响 (ARDI) 应用程序.
- 分析了58个与酒精有关的死亡原因的数据.
- 计算了三个不同的时期的平均年死亡率和年龄标准化率:2016-2017,2018-2019和2020-2021.
主要成果:
- 过度饮酒导致的平均年死亡人数增加了29.3%,从137,927 (2016-2017) 增加到178,307 (2020-2021).
- 年龄标准化与酒精有关的死亡率从每10万人口的38.1上升到每10万人口的47.6.
- 在研究期间,男性 (26.8%) 和女性 (34.7%) 的死亡人数增加,女性的死亡人数增加更为明显.
结论:
- 过度饮酒和相关死亡率在美国是一个显著且日益严重的公共卫生问题.
- 这些发现强调了实施基于证据的政策以制过度饮酒的必要性.
- 建议将重点放在减少酒精供应,可获得性和提高价格 (例如,提高酒精税) 上的政策,以减轻与酒精有关的死亡.
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