关于类不平衡的数据重新抽样和关于癌症分类多omics数据的分类技术的性能分析
Yuting Yang1, Golrokh Mirzaei2
1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America.
PloS one
|February 29, 2024
概括
这项研究开发了使用多omics数据的计算模型,以准确分类癌症类型. 机器学习,特别是随机梯度下降,在预测肝癌和乳腺癌方面实现了超过99%的准确性.
科学领域:
- 计算生物学是一种计算生物学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 机器学习在瘤学中
背景情况:
- 癌症仍然是全球主要的健康挑战.
- 早期检测和准确的分类对于有效的治疗和改善患者结果至关重要.
- 多omics数据集成为了解癌症复杂性提供了一种强大的方法.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估用于对正常与瘤样本进行分类的计算模型.
- 整合RNA测序,拷贝数变异 (CNV) 和DNA甲基化数据以提高癌症分类.
- 将各种机器学习算法和技术进行比较,以解决癌症数据集中的类不平衡问题.
主要方法:
- 利用癌症基因组图谱 (TCGA) 数据集用于肝癌,乳腺癌和结肠腺癌.
- 开发了整合RNAseq,CNV和DNA甲基化数据的联合分析模型.
- 评估了18种使用AUC,精度,回忆和F测量的机器学习方法,并比较了五种类别失衡技术,其中合成少数群体过量采样技术 (SMOTE) 显示出优异的性能.
主要成果:
- 使用随机梯度下降 (SGD) 与支持向量机 (SVM) 的模型实现了超过99%的准确性,肝癌和乳腺癌的AUC>=0.999.
- 对于结肠腺癌,SGD和顺序最小优化 (SMO) 均实现了100%的准确性,AUC,精度,回忆和F-measure的1.000分.
- 在癌症数据集中,SMOTE被确定为处理癌症数据集中的类不平衡最有效的技术.
结论:
- 集成的多omics数据和机器学习为癌症样本分类提供了高度准确的方法.
- SGD和SMO是瘤分类的有效算法,在不同类型的癌症中表现出色.
- 先进的计算方法对于改善癌症检测和帮助抗击癌症至关重要.
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