全球贸易驱动的大气多环芳排放和相关的人类吸入暴露风险的全球贸易驱动转移
Liang Guo1, Tao Huang1, Zaili Ling2
1Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
国际贸易显著地将多环芳 (PAH) 污染从发达地区转移到发展中国家,增加亚洲的肺癌风险. 相反,西欧和美国由于贸易动态而减少了PAH风险.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
背景情况:
- 多环芳 (PAHs) 由于其毒性和大气运输,具有重大环境和健康风险.
- 现有的PAH研究主要集中在通过大气运输的源-受体关系上,对贸易驱动的转移的理解较少.
- 国际贸易对PAH污染和相关的人类健康风险的全球影响仍未得到充分量化.
研究的目的:
- 估计从2004年到2014年在全球贸易中体现的PAH虚拟排放转移.
- 模拟国际贸易对全球PAH污染的影响.
- 评估贸易驱动的PAH暴露对人类吸入暴露风险,特别是肺癌的影响.
主要方法:
- 在全球贸易网络内的量化虚拟PAH排放转移.
- 采用模拟模型来评估贸易对PAH污染模式的影响.
- 分析了与PAH相关的人类吸入暴露风险的变化,特别是与PAH相关的肺癌.
主要成果:
- 贸易驱动的PAH排放主要从发达地区流向较不发达地区,集中在重工业和运输地区.
- 国际贸易导致中国 (27.8%),印度 (14.7%) 和东南亚 (11.3%) 的PAH肺癌风险增加.
- 相反,到2004年,西欧 (63.2%) 和美国 (45.9%) 经历了PAH诱导的肺癌风险降低.
结论:
- 最终需求和排放强度是基于消费的PAH排放和相关健康风险的关键驱动因素.
- 国际贸易模式在全球显著地重新分配了PAH污染和相关的健康负担.
- 调查结果强调需要全球合作,以减轻PAH污染和减少健康风险.
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