蓝绿基础设施可以在故障条件下提高城市排水系统的弹性吗?
Seith N Mugume1, Hilary Kibibi2, Johanna Sorensen3
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda E-mail: smugume@gmail.com; seith.mugume@mak.ac.ug.
概括
雨水收集系统通过减少洪水的数量和持续时间,显著提高了城市排水系统的弹性. 这些蓝绿基础设施解决方案在适度降雨期间最有效,有助于城市洪水管理.
科学领域:
- 环境工程 环境工程
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 适应气候变化 适应气候变化
背景情况:
- 城市排水系统 (UDS) 面临着气候变化和城市化带来的越来越大的压力.
- 蓝绿基础设施 (BGI) 是一个有前途的战略,以提高UDS的弹性.
- 关于BGI在城市中的有效性的定量证据有限,这阻碍了更广泛的采用.
研究的目的:
- 量化评估各种BGI在提高UDS弹性方面的有效性.
- 在不同的UDS初始状态和降雨场景下评估BGI性能.
- 为城市规模实施BGI减少洪水风险提供证据.
主要方法:
- 采用了合一维-二维 (1D-2D) 水力动力学建模.
- 这项研究重点关注了坎帕拉的两个UDS的案例研究,这些UDS经历了暴雨洪水.
- 绩效指标包括"失败"和"非失败"UDS状态的总洪水量和平均洪水持续时间.
主要成果:
- 仅仅分布在空间上的雨水采集系统就能使洪水量减少16-45%,洪水持续时间减少18-24%.
- 在中度降雨事件 (回归期小于10年) 中,BGI的有效性更为明显.
- 生物保留细胞,透沟和拘留池也为减少洪水造成了影响.
结论:
- 雨水收集系统是一个非常有效的BGI,可以提高UDS的弹性.
- 建议在城市范围内实施多功能雨水收集系统,用于城市洪水风险管理.
- BGI提供了一个可行的策略,以适应城市排水以应对气候变化的影响.
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