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相关概念视频

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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The immune...
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Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

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Hematopoiesis01:21

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The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
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Bone Marrow Transplantation Procedures in Mice to Study Clonal Hematopoiesis
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克隆性血液形成和自身免疫

Ashwin Kishtagari1, Robert W Corty2, Valeria Visconte3

  • 1Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.

Seminars in hematology
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概括

克隆性血液形成 (CH),常见于老年人,涉及免疫功能障碍和炎症. DNMT3A或TET2中的突变驱动CH,可能与与年龄相关的疾病和自身免疫性疾病联系起来.

关键词:
自身免疫性疾病是一种自身免疫性疾病.克隆性血液形成 (clonal hematopoiesis) 是一种血液形成的过程.调节失调是一种失调.炎症 炎症是一种炎症.

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科学领域:

  • 血液学 血液学 血液学
  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
  • 老年学是一门学科.

背景情况:

  • 克隆性血液形成 (CH) 影响70岁以上的人群中约10%的人,通常与免疫功能障碍有关.
  • 衰老的造血干细胞显示免疫功能和炎症发生变化.
  • CH克隆经常具有DNMT3A或TET2突变,增加炎症基因表达.

研究的目的:

  • 审查CH,炎症衰老和免疫系统之间的相互作用.
  • 探索CH和与年龄有关的疾病之间的联系.
  • 讨论CH在自身免疫性疾病中的患病率.

主要方法:

  • 关于CH,衰老,炎症和免疫的研究的文献综述.
  • 对链接CH,炎症和疾病的机制的分析.
  • 检查关于CH流行病的流行病学数据.

主要成果:

  • CH与衰老和免疫功能障碍有关.
  • 在CH中DNMT3A/TET2突变促进炎症,可能导致与年龄相关的疾病.
  • 炎症可能会加剧CH克隆扩张.
  • 在CH,恶性瘤和心血管疾病之间存在流行病学联系.

结论:

  • CH,炎症衰老和免疫功能障碍是相互关联的.
  • 需要进一步的研究来阐明将CH与与年龄相关的和自身免疫性疾病联系在一起的机制.