微扩散异常白质:早期的多发性硬化病变阶段,与加强的髓囊泡形成有关
Antonio Luchicchi1,2, Gema Muñoz-Gonzalez1,2, Saar T Halperin1,2
1Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Annals of clinical and translational neurology
|March 1, 2024
概括
研究人员确定了多发性硬化症 (MS) 病变形成的新早期阶段,称为微扩散异常白质 (mDAWM). 这种前期阶段显示了没有瓦勒尔病理的髓退化,这表明MS病变发生的新途径.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 病理学 病理学 病理学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 多发性硬化症 (MS) 是一种慢性中枢神经系统疾病,其白质病变的起源受到争议.
- 在MS中正常出现的白质 (NAWM) 中微妙的变化,包括髓囊和素化,表明早期的退行性过程.
- 这些早期变化与MS中随后的髓变性相关性需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查MS中微扩散异常白质 (mDAWM) 区域中早期髓和轴突变化的流行情况.
- 为了澄清mDAWM在MS髓退化的初始阶段的作用.
- 将mDAWM的病理特征与MS的正常白质 (NAWM) 进行比较.
主要方法:
- 在27名多发性硬化体捐赠者和5名对照人群的脑组织上利用了深度免疫组织化学,使用了组织学mDAWM.
- 采用针对退行性标记物的抗体面板来分析髓和轴突异常.
- 在mDAWM地区的发现与来自相同案例,切片和地区的NAWM进行了比较.
主要成果:
- mDAWM区域显示边界不清楚,缺乏瓦莱尔退化,并与可见静脉相关.
- 与NAWM相比,mDAWM显示了髓囊泡的频率增加,极性髓脂质,素和髓基本蛋白 (MBP) 降解.
- 在mDAWM中观察到增强的微质和巨细胞对素化MBP的反应性.
结论:
- 已经确定了一种新的,由组织学定义的MS病变形成的早期阶段,mDAWM,其特点是肌囊形成和降解,而没有瓦莱尔病理.
- 这些发现支持mDAWM的预先性质,表明它先于明显的MS病变的发展.
- 发展为MS病变可能涉及髓变性 (髓泡) 和随后由释放的髓成分免疫激活.
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