精神分裂症和双相情感障碍的环境风险因素从童年到诊断:瑞典嵌病例控制研究
Natassia Robinson1, Alexander Ploner1, Marica Leone1,2
1Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Psychological medicine
|March 1, 2024
概括
共同的环境因素,如物质使用障碍和不良童年经历,增加了精神分裂症和双相情感障碍的风险. 感染更多地与双相情感障碍有关,而城市生活与精神分裂症风险有关.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 环境流行病学环境流行病学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 精神分裂症 (SCZ) 和双相情感障碍 (BD) 分享遗传风险因素.
- 对SCZ和BD的环境风险因素的了解较少.
- 这项研究调查了SCZ和BD发病前的环境暴露.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较精神分裂症和双相情感障碍的环境风险因素.
- 确定与SCZ和BD相关的共享和独特的环境暴露.
- 分析童年环境暴露与SCZ/BD风险之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 基于瑞典登记册的嵌套病例控制研究 (2013-1988).
- 包括4184个SCZ病例和18681个BD病例,每个病例与5个对照匹配.
- 条件后勤回归分析了暴露的发病率比率 (IRR):感染,ACE,SUD和城市化.
主要成果:
- 药物使用障碍 (SUD) 和不良童年经历 (ACE) 显著增加了SCZ和BD的风险.
- ACEs显示BD的风险略高,而SUD对SCZ的风险更高.
- 儿童感染与BD风险有关,而不是SCZ. 城市生活与SCZ风险有关,与BD相关的特定城市/农村组合.
结论:
- 既有共同的 (SUDs,ACEs) 和独特的 (BD的感染,SCZ的城市化) 环境风险因素存在于SCZ和BD.
- 环境暴露对这两种疾病的病因起着重要作用.
- 这些发现突显了严重精神疾病中环境和遗传之间的复杂相互作用.
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