家庭收入和随后的青少年吸烟:少数群体减少的回报
Shervin Assari1,2,3,4, Babak Najand4, Payam Sheikhattari5,6
1Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Journal of medicine, surgery, and public health
|March 1, 2024
概括
高家庭收入保护年轻人免受烟草使用的影响,但这种影响对种族和民族少数群体来说较弱. 这种差异凸显了需要在烟草预防战略中解决社会经济和种族因素的必要性.
科学领域:
- 社会经济因素和公共卫生.
- 青少年的健康行为
- 健康差异研究 研究健康差异研究
背景情况:
- 家庭收入是影响年轻人健康风险行为的关键社会经济地位 (SES) 指标.
- 少数群体减少回报理论认为,SES福利可能对少数群体提供较少的保护.
- 了解收入在不同年轻人烟草使用差异中的作用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查家庭高收入对青少年开始吸烟的保护作用.
- 调查这种保护效应是否因种族和民族不同而有所不同.
主要方法:
- 从ABCD研究 (2016-2022) 中对11,875名美国年轻人 (年龄为9-10) 的纵向分析.
- 独立变量:家庭收入. 独立变量:家庭收入.
- 调节变量:种族/民族;共变量:年龄,性别,家庭教育,结构,就业.
主要成果:
- 3.1%的非吸烟青年在30个月内开始使用烟草.
- 年收入>10万美元与较低的吸烟风险相关 (HR=0.620,p=0.022).
- 与非拉丁裔白人年轻人相比,收入50-100万美元的黑人 (HR=7.860,p<0.001) 和拉丁裔 (HR=3.461,p=0.001) 年轻人受到的保护较弱.
结论:
- 种族化和少数化减少了家庭收入对年轻人吸烟的保护性影响.
- 非拉丁裔白人年轻人比黑人和拉丁裔年轻人更受益于高收入的烟草启动.
- 政策干预必须解决SES差异和驱动种族/少数群体青年吸烟风险的机制.
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