评估美国癌症死亡率的种族,种族和出生差异,使用一个新的集成平台
Mandi Yu1, Lihua Liu2,3, James Todd Gibson4
1Surveillance Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Journal of the National Cancer Institute
|March 1, 2024
概括
在美国出生的人群中,癌症死亡率更高,在黑人妇女中观察到肺癌的显著差异. 虽然大多数癌症趋势正在下降,但美国出生的和外国出生的个人之间的持久差异需要进一步研究.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 美国出生在国外的人口已经显著增长,但癌症死亡率趋势仍未得到充分研究.
- 基于调查的人口调整率计算器 (SPARC) 是一种新的工具,旨在分析美国出生的和外国出生的个人之间的癌症死亡率差异.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查美国癌症死亡率趋势,按出生年龄分层.
- 为了在不同的人口群体中比较美国出生的和外国出生的人口之间的年龄调整的癌症死亡率和趋势.
主要方法:
- 利用SPARC工具计算了2016-2018年年龄调整的癌症死亡率和死亡率比率.
- 从2006年至2018年,首次根据出生年份对癌症死亡率趋势进行了研究.
- 采用偏差校正估计器来解决美国社区调查中出生分层人口数据的采样错误.
主要成果:
- 美国出生的人口对大多数癌症类型的年龄调整后死亡率较高.
- 在黑人女性肺癌死亡率中观察到的最实质性的差异 (比率 = 3.67).
- 癌症死亡率趋势显示,与外国出生的个人相比,美国出生的个体的死亡率下降速度加快,尽管注意到胰腺和肝癌等例外情况.
结论:
- 虽然癌症死亡率趋势在所有群体中普遍有所改善,但最初比率较高的群体的死亡率下降得更快.
- 在美国出生的和外国出生的人口之间,癌症死亡率存在显著和持久的差异,特别是在黑人中.
- 进一步的研究至关重要,以了解和解决这些持续的基于出生的癌症结果差异.
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