在开放量子系统中的利布-舒尔茨-马蒂斯定理
Kohei Kawabata1,2, Ramanjit Sohal1, Shinsei Ryu1
1Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.
Physical review letters
|March 1, 2024
概括
利布-舒尔茨-马蒂斯定理现在适用于开放的量子系统,揭示了稳定状态和光谱间隙的对称性限制. 这扩大了对拓相和散热系统中的哈尔丹间隙现象的理解.
科学领域:
- 量子多体物理学 量子多体物理学
- 开放的量子系统 开放的量子系统
- 凝聚物质理论 凝聚物质理论
背景情况:
- 利布-舒尔茨-马蒂斯 (LSM) 定理限制了量子多体系统,对于理解拓相和哈尔丹差距至关重要.
- 将这些约束扩展到开放的量子系统对于描述现实的,相互作用的量子物质在散射下至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了将利布-舒尔茨-马蒂斯定理推广到开放的量子系统.
- 建立基于对称的限制在稳定状态和Liouvillians的光谱差距.
- 探索对拓相和散射系统中的哈尔丹间隙类型的含义.
主要方法:
- 为开放量子系统制定一个概括的LSM定理.
- 基于对称的Liouvillian属性的分析,如转换不变性和U(1) 对称.
- 对特定模型的研究,包括具有不同旋转值的散散海森伯格模型.
主要成果:
- 在非整数填充数的转换不变性和U(1) 对称性下,禁止使用独特的间隙稳定状态.
- 散散差在旋转-1/2散散的海森伯格模型中不存在,但可以存在于旋转-1对应模型中.
- 这种LSM约束与卢维尔人的散射形状因子和内在开放系统对称性的量子异常有关.
结论:
- 一般化的LSM定理为开放量子系统提供了基本约束,类似于封闭系统.
- 这项工作统一了对封闭和开放量子系统中的拓相和现象的理解.
- 这些发现为工程设计和特征化消散量子设备的拓状态提供了新的途径.
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