精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者的一种超认知威斯康星卡片排序测试:对排序表现的自我评估
Mary E Gorora1, Nina Dalkner2, Raeanne C Moore3
1University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Suite 1450, Miami, FL 33136, United States.
Psychiatry research
|March 1, 2024
概括
患有精神分裂症和双相情感障碍的个体在自我意识和使用外部信息进行决策方面扎. 有针对性的干预措施可以改善认知灵活性和反利用在这些严重的精神疾病.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 严重的精神疾病,包括精神分裂症和双相情感障碍,与自我意识和执行功能受损有关.
- 难以利用外部信息来指导行为是这些条件下的关键认知缺陷.
- 威斯康星州卡片排序测试 (WCST) 有效地衡量解决问题的能力和使用外部反.
研究的目的:
- 通过修改的WCST,研究精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者在决策中使用外部信息的使用情况.
- 检查正确的分类,准确性判断和后续性能之间的关系.
- 为了确定精神分裂症和双相情感障碍群体之间的反处理中的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 一种经过修改的威斯康星州卡片分类测试 (WCST) 给99名精神分裂症患者和76名双相情感障碍患者进行.
- 参与者完成了64张卡片排序,并在收到反之前进行了准确性判断.
- 使用时间序列分析来评估性能中的瞬间和滞后相关性.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,患有精神分裂症的参与者表现出明显较少的正确分类,实现的类别和准确性决定 (p<.001).
- 这两组都表现出积极的反应偏差.
- 虽然错误后的表现类似,但患有双相情感障碍的参与者在准确的判断后更有可能表现正确 (p=.003).
结论:
- 调查结果表明,在精神分裂症和双相情感障碍的决策中考虑外部反时存在缺陷.
- 对外部信息的使用障碍是这些严重精神疾病中关键的认知挑战.
- 专注于加强反处理和外部信息使用的干预措施是合理的,正在开发中.
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