运动员中的症状性节律失调 - 潜在的机制和治疗方法
Sami Al-Othman1, Mark R Boyett2, Gwilym M Morris3
1Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Heart rhythm
|March 1, 2024
概括
运动员中常见的是像鼻肌梗塞和心房 (AV) 阻塞这样的律失常症. 在资深运动员中,这些来自训练,昼夜节律和衰老,可能需要心脏起器治疗.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 电子生理学 电子生理学
背景情况:
- 节律不整,包括鼻胸和心房 (AV) 阻塞,在耐力运动员中很常见,特别是在夜间运动期间.
- 虽然这些心律失常通常在年轻的运动员中被很好地容忍,但在老年人 (从第五个十年开始) 中,这些心律失常可能会发展为症状性胸肌梗塞,需要进行干预.
- 传统的解释将运动性心肌梗塞归因于高阴道度,但最近的研究表明心脏节点的内在电生理学重塑.
研究的目的:
- 挑战目前对于运动性肌心的阴道声假说.
- 为了阐明在资深运动员中形成肌节律失常的机制.
- 探索当前和未来的治疗策略,在这个人群中治疗症状勃节律失常症.
主要方法:
- 审查现有文献和最近的研究成果.
- 分析运动训练,昼夜节律和衰老之间的相互作用.
- 检查鼻和AV节点内在的电生理学变化.
主要成果:
- 有证据表明,内在的电生理学重塑,而不仅仅是高阴道音调,有助于运动员的节律失常.
- 经验丰富的运动员的肌节律失调是由于训练,昼夜因素和衰老对心脏节点功能的累积影响造成的.
- 了解这些机制为新的治疗方法开辟了道路.
结论:
- 经验丰富的运动员的节律不整是多因素的,涉及运动,昼夜影响和与衰老相关的节点重塑.
- 重新思考运动性心肌梗塞的病因对于有效管理至关重要.
- 对节点电生理学的进一步研究可能会产生针对老年运动员症状性心的向治疗方法.
相关概念视频
01:28Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias
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Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
919
01:14Decreased pulse rate
542
Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with...
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with...
542
01:28Disturbances in Heart Rhythm
952
Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow...
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow...
952
01:16ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias
213
Arrhythmias are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that lead to abnormal heartbeats. These irregularities can originate from different parts of the heart and are classified based on their origin and nature.
Types of Arrhythmias
Sinus Node Arrhythmias
Sinus Bradycardia: Originating from the sinoatrial (SA) node, sinus bradycardia involves slower impulses, resulting in a heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute (bpm). Causes include sleep, vagal stimulation, beta-blockers, hypothyroidism,...
Types of Arrhythmias
Sinus Node Arrhythmias
Sinus Bradycardia: Originating from the sinoatrial (SA) node, sinus bradycardia involves slower impulses, resulting in a heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute (bpm). Causes include sleep, vagal stimulation, beta-blockers, hypothyroidism,...
213
01:24Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class II Agents as β-Adrenergic Blockers
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Adrenergic stimulation generally impacts cardiac rate and rhythm. Specifically, stimulation of the β-adrenoceptors triggers an increase in intracellular calcium ion influx and pacemaker currents, which may cause arrhythmias. Catecholamines like adrenaline also demonstrate β2-adrenoceptor-mediated hypokalemia, impacting cardiac action potential and disrupting the normal cardiac rhythm. Class II antiarrhythmic drugs are β-adrenoceptor antagonists or β-blockers, which...
743
01:17Increased pulse rate
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Tachycardia is a condition marked by an abnormally fast or irregular heart rate, surpassing the typical resting rate. In adults, tachycardia is characterized by a pulse rate ranging from 100 to 180 beats per minute. The increased heart rate can result in inadequate blood flow to various body parts, ultimately diminishing the oxygen supply to organs and tissues.
Many factors can elevate the risk of developing tachycardia. These include advanced age, a family history of arrhythmias, and an...
Many factors can elevate the risk of developing tachycardia. These include advanced age, a family history of arrhythmias, and an...
664