一个简单的三辐射计和低速气流计,用于描述人类极端热暴露的特征
Konrad Rykaczewski1,2, Ankit Joshi3,4, Shri H Viswanathan3
1School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA. konradr@asu.edu.
International journal of biometeorology
|March 2, 2024
概括
研究人员开发了一种具有成本效益,人形的传感器,用于测量来自辐射和对流的城市热量暴露. 这种新型设备可以帮助在极端高温期间为公共卫生建立更好的热传感网络.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 城市气候学 城市气候学
- 生物气象学生物气象学
背景情况:
- 由于人口和温度的上升,城市地区面临着日益增加的热暴露风险.
- 准确测量热暴露对公共健康至关重要,但受传感器成本和可用性限制.
- 辐射是人类暴露于热量的重要组成部分,但在热量指标中经常被忽视.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个具有成本效益和准确的传感器,用于测量人类在城市环境中的热暴露.
- 为了创建一个设备,以使用现实的人体形状来测量辐射和对流热传递.
- 实现广泛的热传感网络的部署,以改善城市热岛监测.
主要方法:
- 融合了三球温度计的概念与一个圆柱形的人体模型.
- 制造了两种传感器原型,使用具有不同表面性能的易用材料.
- 在热浪期间,在风洞和14个户外城市地点测试了传感器.
主要成果:
- 三传感器设置精确测量了对流系数和辐射流.
- 与研究级仪器相比,行人水平的平均辐射温度 (MRT) 测量显示平均差异为0.4 ± 3.0 °C.
- 该设备还可以作为低速风力计,测量低于2m·s-1.1的风速.
结论:
- 这种新型的三传感器为测量人类暴露于热量的关键组件提供了经济有效的解决方案.
- 这项技术可以集成到城市热传感网络的负担得起的生物气象站中.
- 广泛部署可以提高对极端城市热量对健康不利结果的理解和缓解.
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