与低概率的负面事件有关的焦虑和抑郁的风险估计
Amelia S Dev1, Hannah C Broos1, Maria M Llabre1
1Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon, Coral Gables, Florida, 33146, USA.
Behaviour research and therapy
|March 2, 2024
概括
焦虑和抑郁症增加了人们认为的COVID-19风险,而不是实际风险. 比起一般的焦虑或抑郁,COVID特定的担忧驱动了这种偏见,并影响了寻求信息等行为.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 认知模型表明,焦虑和抑郁导致风险估计偏差.
- 以前的研究往往缺乏个性化的客观风险评估以进行比较.
- 真正的风险估计偏差需要将主观估计与个人级客观风险进行比较.
研究的目的:
- 在社区样本中计算COVID-19的真实风险估计偏差.
- 研究焦虑,抑郁和COVID特异性坚持性认知与主观风险估计之间的关系.
- 检查主观风险估计的行为后果.
主要方法:
- 评估了感染COVID-19的主观风险估计.
- 为COVID-19计算的个性化客观风险.
- 测量了焦虑,抑郁和COVID特定的坚持性认知水平.
- 与行为结果相关的主观风险估计 (信息搜索,饮食,物质使用).
主要成果:
- 对于COVID-19的客观风险在症状水平上是低且均的.
- 更高的焦虑,抑郁和COVID特定的坚持性认知预测了更高的主观风险估计.
- 特定于COVID的坚持性认知是主观风险估计的最强预测因素.
- 主观风险估计预测了在焦虑时寻找和吃信息,但不是物质使用或避免信息.
结论:
- 对于像COVID-19这样的低概率事件,风险估计偏差主要是由主观估计驱动的,而不是客观风险.
- 特定于COVID的坚持性认知是偏见风险感知的关键驱动力.
- 主观风险感知会影响特定的行为,突出临床干预的目标.
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