OPTN/SRTR 2022 年度数据报告:脏
Krista L Lentine1, Jodi M Smith2, Grace R Lyden3
1Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN; SSM Health Saint Louis University Hospital Transplant Center, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
概括
在2022年,美国的脏移植实现了死亡捐赠者脏移植 (DDKTs) 的创纪录,并改善了COVID-19后的生存率. 然而,仍然存在挑战,包括器官不使用和对活体捐赠脏移植 (LDKTs) 的持续获取差异.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 移植医学 移植医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 移植领域在COVID-19大流行和2022年不断发展的器官分配中取得了成功.
- 进行了创纪录的移植,主要是由已故捐赠移植 (DDKTs) 推动的.
- 持续存在的挑战包括器官不使用,活体供体移植 (LDKT) 获得的差异以及移植功能的延迟.
研究的目的:
- 分析2022年移植的关键趋势,成功和挑战.
- 评估移植前死亡率,器官不使用率和移植存活率的变化.
- 发现DDKT和LDKT接入的持续差异,特别是对于儿科接受者.
主要方法:
- 分析2022年全国移植数据.
- 移植结果的比较,包括移植前死亡率和移植后存活率,在不同的捐赠者和接受者群体.
- 基于捐赠者特征和脏捐赠者概况指数 (KDPI) 的器官不使用率的评估.
主要成果:
- 进行了创纪录的26,309次脏移植,DDKTs增加;在COVID-19后,移植前死亡率下降.
- 器官不使用率增加,特别是在老年捐赠者和KDPI较高的人群中;LDKT获取差异持续存在.
- 延迟移植功能在成年人中上升到26.3%;儿科移植减少,在LDKT中持续存在种族差异.
结论:
- 虽然2022年在移植量和存活率方面取得了成功,但在器官利用和公平获取方面面临的重大挑战需要持续关注.
- 观察到长期移植存活率的改善,特别是在LDKT接受者身上,突出了它的好处.
- 解决少数民族和公共保险人口以及儿科候选人的LDKT获取差异仍然至关重要.
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