药物成和自杀想法和行为:来自多波流行病学研究的证据
Angela Giugovaz1, Michele Grassi1, Igor Marchetti1
1Department of Life Sciences, Psychology Unit, University of Trieste, Italy.
Psychiatry research
|March 3, 2024
概括
对酒精,止痛药,大麻和可卡因的物质成是自杀思想和行为的可靠预测因素. 仅仅是酒精成是自杀行为的一个强有力的预测因素.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 药物成 (SA) 是已知的自杀思想和行为 (STB) 的风险因素.
- 然而,特定的物质成与增加自杀思想,计划和尝试风险的可靠联系仍然不清楚.
- 了解这些联系对于有针对性的预防和干预策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定特定的物质成可靠地与增加自杀思想和行为风险相关.
- 为了比较确定物质成的预测准确性与社会人口统计学因素和其他物质成.
主要方法:
- 利用了国家药物使用和健康调查 (NSDUH) 2008年至2020年的数据.
- 分析了社会人口统计信息,11种类型的物质成 (例如,酒精,大麻,可卡因,止痛药),以及自杀的想法和行为.
- 使用统计分析来确定STB的稳定和可靠的预测指标.
主要成果:
- 对酒精,止痛药,大麻和可卡因的物质成被确定为性传播疾病的稳定可靠预测因素.
- 酒精成表现出特别强大的预测能力,与其他十种物质成相比.
- 包含被选中物质成的模型显示出更高的预测准确度,而不是只有社会人口统计学因素或非被选中物质成的模型.
结论:
- 对止痛药,酒精,大麻和可卡因的物质成是并发自杀思想和行为的重要危险因素.
- 酒精成成为自杀思想,计划和企图的特别强有力的预测因素.
- 这些发现强调了在自杀预防工作中解决特定物质使用障碍的重要性.
相关概念视频
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep
167
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
167
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena
472
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
472
Drug Dependence
1.0K
Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
1.0K
Stress and Mental Health
157
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
157
Stimulants
195
Stimulants are substances that enhance neural activity and elevate dopamine levels in the brain, leading to their highly addictive nature. These drugs include cocaine, amphetamines, MDMA, caffeine, and nicotine, each with distinct mechanisms of action and varied health implications.
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
195
CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine
207
Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
207


