ADHD评分表 (ADHD-RS):根据DSM-5的成年人群中西班牙语的验证
Aldo Pereira1, Vanesa Richarte2, Christian Fadeuilhe2
1Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Spanish journal of psychiatry and mental health
|March 4, 2024
概括
西班牙ADHD评分表 (ADHD-RS) 是根据DSM-5标准诊断成人ADHD的有效工具. 对于注意力不集中和综合性ADHD表现的差异化切线分数可以提高诊断的准确性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷多动性障碍 (ADHD) 是一种常见的神经发育障碍,在成年人中患病率很高.
- 注意缺陷/多动障碍评分表 (ADHD-RS) 是对成人ADHD症状的关键评估工具.
研究的目的:
- 为了验证 ADHD-RS 的西班牙语版本用于成人 ADHD 诊断.
- 为了使ADHD-RS验证与DSM-5诊断标准保持一致.
主要方法:
- 一组441名成年人 (396名ADHD,45名对照) 使用西班牙的ADHD-RS进行了评估.
- 统计分析包括后勤回归,凯泽-梅耶-奥尔金 (KMO),巴特莱特的球形性测试,以及使用瓦里马克斯旋转的主要成分分析.
- 评估了灵敏度,特异性,正预测值 (PPV) 和负预测值 (NPV).
主要成果:
- ADHD-RS显示出高的诊断准确性,其曲线下面面积 (AUC) 为0.85的综合表现.
- 确定了最佳切断点:24个是联合ADHD (灵敏度94.78%,特异性84.79%) 和21个是注意力不集中的ADHD (灵敏度92.56%,特异性76.26%).
- 与单一的切割值相比,差异化的切割点显示出更高的歧视.
结论:
- 西班牙的ADHD-RS是根据DSM-5指南评估成人ADHD的可靠和有效工具.
- 对于注意力不集中和综合性ADHD表现,采用明显的切断点可以提高成年人的诊断精度.
相关概念视频
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
55
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
55
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
67
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
67
Self-Report Tests of Personality
348
Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
348
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
25
A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Diagnostic Criteria and...
25


