人类时代的动物迁徙:威胁和缓解选择
Steven J Cooke1, Morgan L Piczak1, Navinder J Singh2
1Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada.
概括
迁徙动物面临着众多由人类造成的威胁,影响它们的生存和行为. 了解这些多样化的人为压力对于开发人类世中有效的保护战略至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 动物学 动物学
背景情况:
- 动物迁徙是一个关键的生态现象,但迁徙物种正日益受到人类活动的威胁.
- 人类新世纪的时代标志着人类对生物多样性和生态系统功能的重大影响,而迁移的研究重点不如人口丰富.
- 人类驱动的对移民的影响可以直接导致人口减少和物种灭绝.
研究的目的:
- 探索和分类影响水上,陆地和空中环境的迁徙动物的人为威胁.
- 分析这些威胁如何影响野生动物,包括直接死亡率,行为变化和生理影响.
- 识别和提出人类纪迁徙动物的保护战略.
主要方法:
- 利用国际自然保护联盟 (IUCN) 的威胁分类法来分类人类造成的威胁.
- 检查了各种种类,生命阶段和影响类型 (例如,人类发展,疾病,气候变化,污染,剥削) 的威胁.
- 评估了不同威胁之间的复杂相互作用及其对迁徙野生动物的累积影响.
主要成果:
- 确定了各种各样的人为威胁,包括人类发展,疾病,入侵物种,气候变化,剥削和污染.
- 证明这些威胁以各种方式影响迁徙动物,影响丰富,行为,健康和生理.
- 突出了威胁之间的复杂和经常不可预测的相互作用,使保护和管理工作复杂化.
结论:
- 迁徙动物面临着多方面的人为威胁,危及它们的持久性和它们所支持的生态功能.
- 有效的保护需要对这些威胁及其相互作用有全面的了解.
- 制定和实施有针对性的保护战略至关重要,以确保迁徙物种的生存和人类世的迁徙的延续.
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