在自动驾驶汽车环境下的高速公路合并区域的安全性能评估,使用共模拟平台
Peng Chen1, Haoyuan Ni1, Liang Wang1
1School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Autonomous Transportation Technology for Special Vehicles, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
Accident; analysis and prevention
|March 4, 2024
概括
自动驾驶汽车 (AV) 可以通过减少合并地区的交通冲突和风险,显著提高高速公路安全. 这项研究开发了一个共同模拟平台来评估AV安全性能,显示AV采用后的好处会增加.
科学领域:
- 交通工程与运输科学 交通工程与运输科学
- 智能运输系统 (ITS) 是一种智能运输系统.
- 自动驾驶汽车的安全性
背景情况:
- 高速公路合并区是交通流动的关键瓶,容易因人类驾驶员错误造成事故.
- 评估自动驾驶汽车 (AV) 的安全影响受到现实数据的缺乏和现有模拟工具的局限性所阻碍.
- 之前的研究通常依赖于单个模拟器,无法准确地模拟AV行为和复杂的交通场景.
研究的目的:
- 通过开发一个高保真性共模拟平台来应对评估AV安全的挑战.
- 为自动驾驶汽车定制汽车跟踪模型,并在高速公路合并场景中评估其性能.
- 研究单个和多个AV在混合交通环境中的安全和舒适性影响.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个软件在循环共模拟平台,集成PreScan (环境感知),Matlab (AV决策/控制) 和Vissim (流量流).
- 为自动驾驶汽车定制了各种汽车追随模型,以准确地代表它们在合并冲突中的行为.
- 在真实的高速公路合并场景上进行了实验,分析了单个和多个AV的安全性 (时间到碰撞,TTC) 和舒适性 (冲动).
主要成果:
- 对单个AV的微观分析揭示了不同汽车跟踪模型在合并冲突期间的性能.
- 宏观风险评估表明,随着AV市场透率的增加,交通冲突和风险大幅减少.
- 协同模拟平台成功地与AV重现了混合交通场景,从而实现了全面的安全评估.
结论:
- 自动驾驶汽车为提高高速公路安全提供了巨大的潜力,特别是在像合并这样的瓶领域.
- 开发的协同模拟框架提供了一个强大的工具,用于在现实的交通条件下评估AV安全性能.
- 预计越来越多的自动驾驶车辆的采用率将导致整体交通安全和风险减轻的大幅改善.
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