临床笔记的自然语言处理使得免疫风险的早期先天性错误确定成为可能
Kirk Roberts1, Aaron T Chin2, Klaus Loewy3
1McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex.
The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global
|March 5, 2024
概括
机器学习和自然语言处理 (NLP) 可以在诊断前36个月内识别患有天生的免疫错误 (IEI) 的患者. 这种方法使用临床笔记来改善早期检测,缩短罕见疾病的诊断旅程.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
背景情况:
- 已知有450多个先天性免疫错误 (IEI),但诊断率仍低于最佳水平.
- 结构化电子健康记录 (EHR) 数据有助于IEI患者检测.
- 自然语言处理 (NLP) 可以进一步提高IEI患者的早期识别.
研究的目的:
- 开发基于NLP的机器学习算法,用于早期识别IEI患者.
- 为了减少患有天生的免疫缺陷的个体的诊断旅程.
主要方法:
- 从IEI患者和匹配的对照组的EHR中提取了临床笔记文本.
- 开发了使用机器学习技术的文本分类器.
- 在诊断前逐渐长时间间隔的数据上训练模型.
主要成果:
- 最顶级的NLP模型将IEI病例与诊断前36个月的对照区分开来 (AUC > 0.95).
- 在诊断前24个月内,IEI相关术语出现在临床笔记中.
- 临床笔记为早期IEI预测提供了有价值的信号.
结论:
- 对电子健康记录的NLP分析显示了改善IEI早期检测的巨大潜力.
- 这种方法可以帮助缩短患有罕见免疫疾病的患者的诊断时间表.
相关概念视频
01:10Documentation of Nursing Diagnosis
1.3K
The nurse documents nursing diagnoses and enters them into the patient record. The identified patient's nursing diagnosis is either written out with a plan of care or entered into the electronic health record.
In some settings, data-driven computerized decision support systems are in place, allowing for more accurate nursing diagnoses. The database within one of these systems includes diagnostic labels defining characteristics, activities, and indicators for nursing. A nurse enters...
In some settings, data-driven computerized decision support systems are in place, allowing for more accurate nursing diagnoses. The database within one of these systems includes diagnostic labels defining characteristics, activities, and indicators for nursing. A nurse enters...
1.3K
01:27Nursing Clinical Information System
777
Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS)
A Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS) is a specialized type of healthcare information system tailored to meet the unique needs of nursing practice. It incorporates the principles of nursing informatics to streamline information management and improve the quality of care delivery.
Critical attributes of NCIS include:
A Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS) is a specialized type of healthcare information system tailored to meet the unique needs of nursing practice. It incorporates the principles of nursing informatics to streamline information management and improve the quality of care delivery.
Critical attributes of NCIS include:
777
01:33Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
13.0K
In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen. Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or...
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen. Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or...
13.0K
02:27Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
10.6K
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
10.6K