进化论的非神学概念的社会学家谱
Josetxo Beriain1, Javier Gil-Gimeno1, Celso Sánchez Capdequí1
1I-Communitas, Institute for Advanced Social Research, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Frontiers in sociology
|March 5, 2024
概括
这项研究追踪了社会学思想的演变,批评了线性,进步的模型,并突出了对社会变革的非远程学方法. 它考察了文化传播和多重,相互冲突的社会演变.
科学领域:
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 社会理论社会理论
- 社会科学的哲学 社会科学哲学
背景情况:
- 经典的社会学进化论 (康特,斯宾塞,帕森斯) 提出了对社会进步的线性,神学观点.
- 现代社会科学越来越多地质疑这些早期进化模型的线性和最终性质.
- 非神学观点提供了对社会变化和发展的更细致的理解.
研究的目的:
- 对社会现实进行非远程学方法的社会学-概念家谱.
- 批评古典社会学进化论及其局限性.
- 分析对社会进化的非神学理解的关键贡献.
主要方法:
- 社会学理论的基因分析.
- 对古典进化主义思想家的批评 (康特,斯宾塞,帕森斯).
- 分析了反神经学认知方法 (唐纳德),韦伯的工作,以及"多重进化"的理论 (Knöbl,Koselleck,Luhmann,Rosa,Eisenstadt,Abbott,Zerubavel).
主要成果:
- 经典进化论的远程学和进步框架是有限的,包含盲点.
- 文化传播对于理解认知和社会的演变至关重要 (唐纳德).
- 韦伯的"解魔"和"再魔"概念挑战了从魔法到科学的线性进展.
- "多重进化"的概念承认相互冲突的,非同时发生的社会变化.
结论:
- 非远程学方法为理解社会变化提供了更准确的框架.
- 承认文化传播和多重,矛盾的社会动态是必不可少的.
- 这种家谱分析为开发一个强有力的社会进化非神话论理论铺平了道路.
相关概念视频
02:35What is Evolutionary History?
36.4K
Scientists record evolutionary history by analyzing fossil, morphological, and genetic data. The fossil record documents the history of life on Earth and provides evidence for evolution. However, both fossil and living organisms offer evidence that outlines Earth’s evolutionary history.
36.4K
02:05Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
7.1K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
7.1K
02:55The Evidence for Evolution
42.7K
Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
42.7K
01:20Evolutionary Psychology
264
Evolutionary psychology explores the origins of human behavior and mental processes by framing them within the context of natural selection, a theory famously propounded by Charles Darwin. This field asserts that many behaviors common across human societies — ranging from instinctive fear reactions to complex social interactions — arose as evolutionary adaptations. These adaptations enhanced the survival and reproductive success of our ancestors, thereby becoming embedded in the...
264
01:23Criticisms of the Evolutionary Perspective
99
In a study where individuals posing as strangers offered compliments and proposed casual sex to students, the responses differed significantly based on gender. Not a single woman accepted the proposal, while 70% of the men agreed. This outcome provides a useful scenario to explore through the lens of evolutionary psychology and social learning theory, highlighting the diverse perspectives on human sexual behaviors.
Evolutionary psychology provides one explanation for these findings, suggesting...
Evolutionary psychology provides one explanation for these findings, suggesting...
99
02:18Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms
27.8K
Genetic transfer occurs when genetic information is passed from one organism to another. It occurs via two mechanisms: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer occurs when genetic information is transferred from one generation to the next, which happens much more frequently than horizontal gene transfer. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are forms of vertical gene transfer, where one or more organisms pass some or all of their genome onto their progeny.
27.8K