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酒精嗅探测试 (AST):在急性流感状功能障碍中查后病毒性嗅觉损失的重要工具
Domenico Seabra Modesto1, Hugo Machado Silva Neto1, Felipe Carvalho Leão1
1Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia, Hospital Do Servidor Público Estadual Francisco Morato de Oliveira, Rua Loefgren, 1543, Apt 34, Sao Paulo, SP 04040-032 Brazil.
概括
酒精嗅探测试 (AST) 有效地识别后病毒嗅觉功能障碍 (PVOD) 在类似流感的疾病患者. 这种简单的测试有助于早期检测PVOD,包括COVID-19病例,使得及时治疗,以防止持续的气味丧失.
科学领域:
- 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
- 神经学 神经学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 嗅觉障碍显著影响生活质量,但往往被忽视.
- 上呼吸道感染 (URTI) 通常导致嗅觉损失,后病毒性嗅觉功能障碍 (PVOD) 在症状消失后持续存在.
- PVOD是由嗅觉通路的损伤引起的,需要有效的诊断工具.
研究的目的:
- 评估酒精嗅探测试 (AST) 作为病毒后嗅觉损失的预测因子,在患有类似流感综合征的患者中.
- 评估AST在疾病急性阶段区分PVOD与传导性嗅觉障碍的能力.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及第三级医院流感状综合征的员工的观测横截面研究.
- 建立了三个组:PVOD- (类似流感,导电障碍,没有COVID-19),PVOD+ (类似流感,神经感官/中枢障碍,COVID-19),以及无症状对照组.
- 酒精嗅探测试 (AST) 用于评估嗅觉功能,随后进行统计分析.
主要成果:
- 在AST上10厘米的切线显示PVOD+患者的变化为88.57%,而PVOD-患者的变化为60.53% (p=0.013).
- 在PVOD+和对照组之间 (4.35对20厘米,p<0.05),以及在PVOD+和PVOD-组之间 (9对20厘米,p<0.05) 发现了平均AST距离的显著差异.
- AST显示PVOD检测的灵敏度为88%,特异性为41%,截止距离为10厘米,赔率比为9.7 (p<0.001).
结论:
- 后病毒性嗅觉功能障碍,包括COVID-19相关病例,是嗅觉损失的普遍原因.
- 酒精嗅探测试是一种有希望的,可访问的工具,用于在患有类似流感症状的患者中早期查PVOD.
- 通过AST早期识别可以促进及时干预,可能减少持久性低血的发生率.
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