果形状和大小的遗传基础被数字表型化揭开了
Beat Keller1, Michaela Jung1,2, Simone Bühlmann-Schütz1
1Division of Plant Breeding, Agroscope, Mueller-Thurgau-Strasse 29, Waedenswil 8820, Switzerland.
G3 (Bethesda, Md.)
|March 5, 2024
概括
研究人员使用先进的表型和全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 确定了与果形状,大小和皮肤颜色相关的遗传标记. 这一发现有助于培育具有理想消费特征的果.
科学领域:
- 园艺园艺 园艺园艺
- 植物遗传学 植物遗传学
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 果果的形状,大小和皮肤颜色等特征在基因型中表现出显著的多样性.
- 这些特征对于消费者吸引力和培育新果品种至关重要,但它们的遗传基础,特别是形状和基色,仍然基本上没有特征.
- 这些特征的准确表型是具有挑战性的,阻碍了遗传研究.
研究的目的:
- 探索果果形状,大小和皮肤颜色的基因型-表型关系.
- 识别与这些重要的水果特征相关的特定遗传标记 (SNP).
- 为了促进标记器辅助的选择,以改善果的外观在育种计划中.
主要方法:
- 使用FruitPhenoBox进行525种果基因型 (果REFPOP) 的高通量数字表型化.
- 从图像中提取了573个水果形状/大小的遗传特征和17个皮肤颜色.
- 使用303,148个SNP标记进行了全基因组关联研究 (GWAS),分析了主要组件和选定的特征.
主要成果:
- 在所有17个果染色体中确定了69个SNP,与水果形状 (圆形,形,圆柱形,对称) 和大小有显著的关联.
- 发现了1号和2号染色体上圆形/圆形和果实大小的新型主要效应关联.
- 在八个染色体上发现了16个与皮肤颜色特征 (红色覆盖色,绿色/黄色底色) 相关的SNP.
结论:
- 该研究成功地确定了关键果外观特征的显著遗传关联.
- 确定了影响水果形状和大小的新型遗传位置,为繁殖提供了新的点.
- 这些发现为推进标记器辅助选择提供了基础,以开发具有增强消费者首选特征的果.
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